ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a preschool-age child who is postoperative following a tonsillectomy and is clearing her throat frequently. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Observe the child's throat with a flashlight. This is the first action the nurse should take because frequent throat clearing post-tonsillectomy could indicate bleeding. By observing the child's throat with a flashlight, the nurse can assess for signs of bleeding such as fresh blood or increased secretions. This immediate assessment is crucial for timely intervention if bleeding is suspected. Giving the child water (
B) may be contraindicated if there is active bleeding. Administering an analgesic (
C) or offering an ice collar (
D) should not be the priority when assessing for potential bleeding.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a child who has heart failure. Which of the following findings is a clinical manifestation associated with this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tachypnea. In heart failure, the heart cannot pump effectively, causing fluid to build up in the lungs, leading to respiratory distress and tachypnea (rapid breathing). Tremors and increased appetite are not typically associated with heart failure. Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not a common clinical manifestation of heart failure; instead, it can be a sign of worsening condition.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as being consistent with hyperglycemia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Thirst. Hyperglycemia in diabetes causes increased blood glucose levels, leading to osmotic diuresis and dehydration, triggering the sensation of thirst. Sweating (
A), tremors (
B), and pallor (
C) are not typical manifestations of hyperglycemia. Sweating and tremors are more commonly associated with hypoglycemia, while pallor may indicate anemia or other conditions unrelated to hyperglycemia.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for an 8-year-old child who was recently diagnosed with chronic renal failure. The child's parents ask for information on hemodialysis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hemodialysis uses an artificial membrane outside the body to clean your child's blood. This is correct because hemodialysis involves the use of a machine that filters the blood through an artificial membrane to remove waste products and excess fluids. This process occurs outside the body and is commonly used for patients with kidney failure.
Choice A is incorrect because hemodialysis does not use the abdominal cavity as a membrane.
Choice B is incorrect because hemodialysis does not involve the use of an electrolyte solution to clean the blood.
Choice D is incorrect because hemodialysis is not a continuous filtration process, but rather a periodic treatment.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching home care to the parents of a preschool-age child who has heart failure. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A. Provide for periods of rest.
Rationale: Children with heart failure have reduced cardiac output, leading to fatigue. Providing periods of rest helps conserve energy and prevent exhaustion, improving the child's overall well-being and supporting cardiac function.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
B: Increasing oxygen flow rate based on cyanosis can lead to oxygen toxicity and is not a recommended approach for managing heart failure.
C: Digoxin is a crucial medication for heart failure management. Withholding it based solely on heart rate without consulting a healthcare provider can be dangerous.
D: Weighing the child once a month is not frequent enough for monitoring fluid status in heart failure, where daily weights are recommended.