ATI RN
ATI Nur235 Pediatrics Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Newborn with suspected tricuspid atresia.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a newborn who was recently delivered. Which of the following clinical signs would cause the nurse to suspect tricuspid atresia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Profound cyanosis. Tricuspid atresia is a congenital heart defect where the tricuspid valve is missing or abnormally developed, leading to decreased blood flow to the lungs. This results in severe hypoxemia, causing profound cyanosis. Periorbital edema, absent femoral pulses, and decreased blood pressure to lower extremities are not specific signs of tricuspid atresia. These symptoms may be seen in other conditions such as heart failure or peripheral vascular disease.
Extract:
4-year-old admitted with acute diarrhea and dehydration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old who was admitted with acute diarrhea and dehydration. Which finding indicates that oral rehydration therapy has been effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Urine specific gravity 1.015 (nl. 1.005-1.030). This finding indicates effective oral rehydration therapy because it shows improved kidney function and hydration status. A specific gravity within the normal range (1.005-1.030) suggests adequate hydration and proper fluid balance.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not directly reflect the effectiveness of rehydration therapy. Capillary refill greater than 3 seconds suggests poor perfusion, a respiratory rate of 24/min is within normal limits for a 4-year-old, and a heart rate of 130/bpm is elevated but may not directly reflect hydration status.
Extract:
Newborn with hypospadias.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the treatment plan with the parents of a newborn with hypospadias. Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching when describing this disorder?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: Correct answer A is the most appropriate statement because delaying circumcision in a newborn with hypospadias preserves tissue for future surgical repair. Circumcision can interfere with the surgical correction of the hypospadias. Incorrect choices: B - Emergency repair is not typically needed for hypospadias. C - Hypospadias is characterized by the urethral opening located on the underside of the penis, not the top. D - Descended testicles are unrelated to hypospadias.
Extract:
3-year-old diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy.
Question 4 of 5
A 3-year-old is diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy. What information should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A
Rationale: A child with spastic cerebral palsy will have motor difficulties due to muscle stiffness and tightness. By modifying activities to match the child's developmental age, the nurse ensures that the child can engage in appropriate play and learning experiences while accommodating their physical limitations. This approach promotes optimal development and prevents frustration.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Corticosteroids are not typically used for spastic cerebral palsy, there is no progressive muscle degeneration associated with the disorder, and prenatal screening cannot predict the occurrence of cerebral palsy.
Extract:
Adolescent with a fiberglass cast for a fractured tibia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a newly applied fiberglass cast for a fractured tibia. What is the priority action for the nurse to take following this treatment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Perform a neurovascular assessment. This is the priority action as it ensures adequate blood circulation and nerve function in the limb with the newly applied cast. This assessment helps in early detection of any circulation or nerve damage, preventing complications like compartment syndrome.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Explaining discharge instructions is important but not the priority immediately after applying the cast.
B: Placing the leg on pillow props is a good practice for elevation but not the priority.
C: Administering pain relief is important but not the priority over neurovascular assessment.
E, F, G: No options provided.