ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 1 2024 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients with dementia. The nurse recognizes which of the following factors as reasons for the growing numbers of clients diagnosed with dementia in the United States? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: B: Longer life expectancy increases the prevalence of dementia due to age-related brain changes. C: The aging population over 65 is at higher risk for dementia.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has increased intracranial pressure and has a worsening neurologic condition. Which of the following cues should the nurse recognize as a worsening condition? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Changes to pupil size and shape, swelling of the optic nerve (papilledema), and decreasing Glasgow Coma scores are direct indicators of worsening intracranial pressure due to brainstem compression, optic disc congestion, and deteriorating consciousness. A normal respiratory rate (12/min) and blood pressure (108/74 mm Hg) do not indicate worsening in this context.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is admitting a client who has suspected retinal detachment. Which of the following questions should the nurse include when gathering a client history? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: A: Trauma to the eye is a significant risk factor for retinal detachment. D: Prolonged sunlight exposure without protection can increase the risk. E: Long-term steroid use can predispose individuals to retinal detachment.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has mitral valve stenosis that has not responded to pharmacological therapies about other treatment options. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in their teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This statement accurately describes balloon valvuloplasty, which is a common procedure used to treat mitral valve stenosis. By inflating the balloon within the narrowed valve, the procedure aims to widen the valve opening, thus improving blood flow through the heart.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client who has atrial fibrillation. Which of the following blood test results should the nurse understand can be a possible cause of atrial fibrillation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A common cause of atrial fibrillation is hyperthyroidism, which is characterized by an overactive thyroid gland and often presents with elevated TSH levels. Thyroid hormones play a significant role in regulating heart rate and rhythm. Excess thyroid hormone can lead to increased heart rate and irregular heart rhythms, including atrial fibrillation.