ATI RN
RN ATI Adult Medsurg Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients. In which of the following scenarios is the nurse acting as a client advocate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because referring a client with COPD for palliative care services demonstrates advocating for the client's best interest, ensuring they receive appropriate care to manage symptoms and improve quality of life. This action aligns with the nurse's role as a client advocate by advocating for the client's autonomy and well-being. In contrast, choices A, C, and D do not prioritize the client's best interests or rights.
Choice A disregards the client's autonomy by encouraging medication against their wishes.
Choice C prioritizes hospital efficiency over the client's needs.
Choice D violates the client's right to informed decision-making by withholding essential information. Overall, choice B best exemplifies client advocacy in nursing practice.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication of a microvascular complication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Retinopathy. In type 2 diabetes mellitus, microvascular complications involve damage to small blood vessels. Retinopathy specifically affects the blood vessels in the retina, leading to vision problems. Peripheral neuropathy (
A) is a macrovascular complication affecting nerves. Hypertension (
B) is a common comorbidity in diabetes but not a direct microvascular complication. Stroke (
D) is a macrovascular complication involving larger blood vessels in the brain.
Therefore, the presence of retinopathy is a clear indication of a microvascular complication in a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is 3 hr postoperative and exhibiting signs of hypovolemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of hypovolemia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Rapid pulse rate. Following surgery, hypovolemia can occur due to fluid loss. A rapid pulse rate is a common manifestation of hypovolemia as the body compensates for decreased blood volume by increasing heart rate to maintain perfusion. Bradycardia (
B) is unlikely with hypovolemia as the body tries to increase cardiac output. Hypertension (
C) is not typical in hypovolemia as blood pressure tends to decrease. Peripheral edema (
D) is associated with fluid overload, not hypovolemia.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has COPD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: A client with COPD often has increased energy needs due to the work of breathing. Consuming a high-calorie diet helps meet these needs. This can prevent malnutrition and promote optimal energy levels. Limiting fluid intake (
B) can lead to dehydration and thicker mucus. Strenuous exercise (
C) may exacerbate breathing difficulties. Reducing carbohydrate intake (
D) can lead to decreased energy levels.
Question 5 of 5
A home health nurse is inspecting a clients residence for electrical hazards as part of the agencys quality improvement plan. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a safety hazard?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A. An IV pump is plugged into an outlet near a sink.
Rationale: Plugging an IV pump near a sink poses a significant risk of electrical shock due to water exposure. Water conducts electricity and can lead to electrocution. This situation directly violates electrical safety guidelines.
Summary of other choices:
B. A lamp with a short cord in the bedroom: While a short cord may not be ideal, it does not pose an immediate safety hazard unless it is frayed or damaged.
C. A television plugged into a surge protector: This is a safe practice as surge protectors help prevent damage from power surges and do not pose a direct safety hazard.
D. The client uses a nightlight in the hallway: Nightlights are commonly used for safety and do not typically pose an electrical hazard if used correctly.