ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Quiz 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client whose arterial blood gas results show a pH of 7.5, an HCO3 of 22, and a PaCO2 of 25 mm Hg. The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following acid-base imbalances?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A pH of 7.5 indicates alkalosis, and a low PaCO2 of 25 mm Hg suggests hyperventilation, pointing to respiratory alkalosis. A would show elevated HCO3, C would have low pH and HCO3, and D would have low pH and high PaCO2.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic venous insufficiency. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic venous insufficiency causes venous stasis, leading to iron deposits and bronze/brown skin discoloration. Cool skin, decreased pulses, and claudication are indicative of arterial insufficiency, not venous.
Question 3 of 5
Calculate the heart rate based on this rhythm strip.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using the 6-second rule, count the number of QRS complexes in a 6-second strip and multiply by 10 to get 60 bpm.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking enalapril (Vasotec). Which of the following outcomes indicates a therapeutic effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Enalapril, an ACE inhibitor, lowers blood pressure by preventing vasoconstriction and reducing fluid retention. It does not directly treat claudication or affect cholesterol levels.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is being administered spironolactone (Aldactone). Which of the following laboratory values should be monitored due to taking this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic that can cause hyperkalemia. Monitoring potassium levels is essential to prevent complications like cardiac arrhythmias. Bicarbonate, troponins, and albumin are not directly affected.