ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who was prescribed phenytoin. Which of the following adverse effects of this medication should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ataxia. Phenytoin is an antiepileptic medication that can cause ataxia, which is a condition characterized by loss of coordination and unsteady movements. Ataxia can be a sign of toxicity and requires immediate attention from the provider to adjust the dosage or consider alternative treatments.
A: Gingival hyperplasia is a common side effect of phenytoin but is not typically considered an urgent issue requiring immediate provider notification.
B: Drowsiness is a common side effect of phenytoin and may not necessarily indicate toxicity.
D: Hirsutism, or abnormal hair growth, is not typically associated with phenytoin use and is not a known adverse effect of the medication.
Therefore, the nurse should report ataxia to the provider as it may indicate a serious problem with the medication.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for a metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, C, and E. A spacer improves drug delivery and reduces side effects. Inhaling slowly helps medication reach the lungs. Holding the mouthpiece between the lips ensures proper inhalation technique. Rinsing the mouth after use prevents oral thrush.
Choice D is incorrect as the inhaler may be for prevention too.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving ceftriaxone intravenously. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an allergic reaction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypotension. Allergic reactions to ceftriaxone can lead to a sudden drop in blood pressure, causing hypotension. This is due to the release of histamines in response to the medication, leading to vasodilation and loss of vascular tone. Polyuria, nausea, and bradycardia are not typical manifestations of an allergic reaction to ceftriaxone. Polyuria may indicate a kidney issue, nausea could be a common side effect, and bradycardia is usually not associated with allergic reactions. It is important for the nurse to recognize hypotension as a potential allergic reaction to promptly intervene and prevent further complications.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmia. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Amiodarone. Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic medication commonly used to treat life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmias. It works by prolonging the action potential duration and refractory period of cardiac muscle cells, thereby stabilizing the heart's electrical activity. Digoxin (
A) is not typically used for ventricular dysrhythmias. Dopamine (
B) is a vasopressor used for hypotension, not dysrhythmias. Verapamil (
C) is a calcium channel blocker, which is contraindicated in ventricular dysrhythmias.
Therefore, the nurse should anticipate administering amiodarone to treat the client's life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmia.
Question 5 of 5
What actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: The correct actions for the nurse to take are C, D, and E.
C: Advising the client to change positions slowly helps prevent orthostatic hypotension and potential falls.
D: Monitoring the client for dysrhythmias is important, especially if the client is taking medications that can affect cardiac function.
E: Checking the client for orthostatic hypotension is crucial to assess for potential adverse effects of medications.
Choice A is incorrect as it does not address potential side effects related to position changes.
Choice B is incorrect as restricting potassium intake may not be necessary based on the client's condition.