ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who was involved in a motor vehicle accident. The client is alert and oriented and reports a loss of consciousness immediately after the accident. Which of the following additional manifestations should the nurse assess the client for?
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Pupillary dilation, persistent headache, and difficulty waking are signs of potential neurological issues post-head injury, such as increased intracranial pressure or concussion. Hand tremors and foot drop are less directly related to immediate post-accident neurological assessment.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a spinal cord injury about prevention of atelectasis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deep coughing clears mucus and promotes lung expansion, reducing atelectasis risk. Panting breaths, chest muscle exercises, and excessive rest are less effective or may increase atelectasis risk due to reduced lung activity.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a complete spinal cord injury about bowel and bladder management. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Stool softeners prevent constipation, suprapubic or self-intermittent catheterization manages bladder function, and digital stimulation aids bowel movements. Excessive fluid restriction is inappropriate as hydration prevents complications like urinary tract infections.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following could the nurse expect to observe in an older adult client who has a pneumothorax?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A pneumothorax causes lung collapse, impairing gas exchange and leading to lower oxygen saturations (93% to 94%). Higher saturations, lower energy expenditure, and increased lung capacity are not expected due to compromised lung function.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department who has a preliminary diagnosis of a transient ischemic attack (TIA). Which of the following diagnostic testing should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: CTA visualizes cerebral blood vessels to identify blockages or narrowing causing a TIA. PT, CBC, and TEE are less specific for initial TIA diagnosis, as they assess clotting, blood counts, or cardiac issues, respectively.