ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who reports to the clinic for laboratory tests. The client has an acute kidney injury caused by acute tubular necrosis and asks why their glomerular filtration rate (GFR) keeps decreasing. Which of the following pathophysiological changes occurring in the kidney should the nurse explain as the cause of the decrease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In acute tubular necrosis, tubular cell injury impairs reabsorption, reducing GFR. Obstruction, inflammation, and reduced blood flow are less primary causes.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has progressing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which of the following laboratory results would the nurse expect to find in the client's electronic health record?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increasing urine albumin indicates CKD progression due to kidney damage. GFR decreases, creatinine rises, and proteinuria increases.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has acute kidney disease about fluid restrictions. Which of the following statements by the client should the nurse identify as understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Not counting ice cream as fluid shows misunderstanding, as it contributes to fluid intake, indicating correct understanding of restrictions.
Question 4 of 5
A client who has low back pain reports that they are unable to void. The nurse notices a distended bladder on assessment. Which of the following is the likely cause of this client's low back pain?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A distended bladder from urinary retention causes low back pain. Stress fractures, nerve root pain, and renal cancer are less likely causes.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has cystitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoiding carbonated beverages reduces bladder irritation in cystitis. Higher fluid intake, full antibiotic courses, and avoiding acidic juices are preferred.