ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Exam 2024 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who received 0.9% sodium chloride 1 L over 4 hr instead of over 8 hr as prescribeWhich of the following information should the nurse enter as a complete documentation of the incident?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Option B provides a complete documentation of the incident by stating the specific IV fluid, volume, rate, and duration of infusion, along with the client's vital signs and the action taken (provider notified). This information is crucial for accurately documenting the deviation from the prescribed infusion rate and the client's response.
Summary of Other
Choices:
A: Does not mention vital signs or completion of the infusion. Lacks specificity.
C: Does not address the deviation in the infusion rate or vital signs. Irrelevant information.
D: Mentions the initiation time and lung sounds, but does not address the deviation in infusion rate or client response.
E: Similar to option B but lacks specificity regarding the duration of the infusion.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse administers a dose of metformin to a client instead of the prescribed dose of metoclopramidWhich of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Check the client's blood glucose. This is the first action the nurse should take because metformin is used to treat diabetes by lowering blood glucose levels, while metoclopramide is used to treat gastrointestinal issues. Checking the client's blood glucose will help determine if any adverse effects have occurred due to the incorrect medication administration. Reporting the incident to the charge nurse (
A), notifying the provider (
B), and filling out an incident report (
D) are important steps to take but should come after ensuring the client's immediate safety and well-being.
Question 3 of 5
How many mL/h should the nurse set the IV infusion pump to deliver half the total volume of lactated Ringer's (4,080 mL) in the first 8 hours?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
To deliver half of 4,080 mL in 8 hours, first calculate the total volume per hour: 4,080 mL / 8 hours = 510 mL/h. Half of this is 255 mL/h, making choice D the correct answer.
Choices A, B, and C are too low, while choice E is too high, as they do not deliver the required volume in the specified time frame.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer to a client with myasthenia gravis who is in a cholinergic crisis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale: In a cholinergic crisis, the client experiences excessive muscarinic effects due to overstimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system. Atropine is a cholinergic antagonist that blocks the effects of excessive acetylcholine, alleviating symptoms such as bradycardia, bronchoconstriction, and excessive secretions. Potassium iodide, glucagon, and protamine are not indicated for managing cholinergic crisis. Potassium iodide is used in thyroid emergencies, glucagon for beta-blocker overdose, and protamine for heparin overdose.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following actions should the nurse take when observing infiltration of fluid into the tissue surrounding an IV insertion site?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Elevate the extremity. Elevating the extremity helps reduce swelling and minimize tissue damage caused by the infiltration of fluid. By elevating the extremity, gravity helps to prevent further spread of the infiltrated fluid into the surrounding tissue. This action promotes better circulation and aids in the reabsorption of the fluid back into the vascular system. Flushing the IV catheter (choice
A) may exacerbate the infiltration, applying pressure to the IV site (choice
B) can cause tissue damage, and slowing the infusion rate (choice
D) may not address the immediate issue of fluid infiltration.