ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 Retake 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking warfarin and reports taking several new herbal supplements. The nurse should identify that which of the following supplements is contraindicated for concurrent use with warfarin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ginkgo biloba. Ginkgo biloba is contraindicated with warfarin because it can increase the risk of bleeding due to its anticoagulant properties. Warfarin also acts as a blood thinner, so combining the two can lead to excessive bleeding. Valerian (
B), Coenzyme Q10 (
C), and probiotics (
D) do not have significant interactions with warfarin. Valerian is used for sleep and anxiety, Coenzyme Q10 is an antioxidant, and probiotics are beneficial for gut health.
Therefore, Ginkgo biloba is the only supplement that poses a risk of increased bleeding when taken concurrently with warfarin.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer cefazolin 1 g in 0.9% sodium chloride 100 mL via intermittent IV bolus over 30 min. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 15 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the IV infusion rate in drops per minute (gtt/min) for cefazolin 1 g in 0.9% sodium chloride 100 mL over 30 min with a drop factor of 15 gtt/mL, use the formula: (Volume to be infused in mL ÷ Time in min) × Drop factor.
1 g in 100 mL = 100 mL
(100 mL ÷ 30 min) × 15 gtt/mL = 50 gtt/min
Therefore, the correct answer is A (50 gtt/min) because it accurately calculates the IV infusion rate based on the given parameters. Other choices are incorrect as they do not correctly apply the formula or round the answer incorrectly.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is taking a medication history from a client who has a new prescription for levothyroxine. The nurse should instruct the client to wait 4 hr after taking levothyroxine before taking which of the following supplements?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Calcium. Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement medication that can bind to calcium, iron, and certain other minerals, reducing its absorption. Instructing the client to wait 4 hours after taking levothyroxine before taking calcium ensures optimal absorption of the medication. Zinc, Vitamin C, and Ginkgo biloba do not interfere significantly with levothyroxine absorption, so there is no need to wait specifically before taking them.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record for a client who has cancer and is receiving morphine via a PCA pump. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nalbuphine. The nurse should clarify this prescription because nalbuphine is an opioid agonist-antagonist, which can potentially interfere with the analgesic effects of morphine. It may lead to decreased pain control in the client. Ondansetron (
A) is commonly used for nausea and vomiting, insulin glargine (
C) for diabetes management, and acetaminophen (
D) for pain relief, and these medications do not have significant interactions with morphine via PCA pump in cancer patients.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking warfarin. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Melena. Melena is a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding, which can be a serious complication of warfarin therapy due to its anticoagulant effects. Reporting melena promptly is crucial to prevent further complications like hemorrhage. Hair loss (
A) is a common side effect of warfarin but not a priority compared to potential bleeding. Abdominal cramping (
C) can occur but does not indicate immediate danger. Fever (
D) is not directly related to warfarin therapy and may be due to other causes.