ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking lithium and reports starting a new exercise program. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hyponatremia. When a client taking lithium starts a new exercise program, they may sweat more, leading to sodium loss. This can result in hyponatremia, which is a common electrolyte imbalance associated with lithium therapy. Symptoms of hyponatremia include confusion, headache, muscle weakness, and nausea.
A: Hypokalemia is not typically associated with lithium therapy or exercise programs.
C: Hypocalcemia is not a common electrolyte imbalance seen with lithium therapy or exercise.
D: Hypomagnesemia is also not a common electrolyte imbalance related to lithium or exercise.
Therefore, choice B is the most appropriate electrolyte imbalance to assess in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who received epinephrine. Which of the following findings should the nurse report as an adverse effect of epinephrine?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chest pain. Epinephrine is a sympathomimetic medication that can cause vasoconstriction leading to increased cardiac workload, potentially resulting in chest pain. Bradycardia (
B) is unlikely as epinephrine typically increases heart rate. Hypoglycemia (
C) is a potential adverse effect but not specific to epinephrine. Respiratory depression (
D) is not a common side effect of epinephrine.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who reports a severe headache. The client's blood pressure is 280/160 mm Hg. The nurse should plan to administer which of the following medications?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Nitroprusside. This medication is a potent vasodilator that rapidly lowers blood pressure, making it the most appropriate choice for a client with severe hypertension presenting with a hypertensive emergency. Nitroprusside acts quickly to reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, helping to prevent organ damage.
A: Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid used for inflammatory conditions, not for immediate blood pressure control.
B: Epinephrine is a sympathomimetic drug that can increase blood pressure, which is contraindicated in this scenario.
C: Dobutamine is a beta-1 adrenergic agonist that increases heart rate and contractility, which can worsen hypertension.
Overall, Nitroprusside is the most appropriate choice due to its rapid and effective blood pressure-lowering properties in a hypertensive emergency.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for theophylline, a sustained-release capsule. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C - "I will need to have blood levels drawn."
Rationale:
1. Theophylline is a medication with a narrow therapeutic range, requiring monitoring of blood levels.
2. Regular blood tests help ensure the medication is at a safe and effective level in the body.
3. Monitoring blood levels helps prevent toxicity or subtherapeutic levels.
4. Options A, B, and D are incorrect as they may lead to incorrect dosing or administration of the medication.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer erythromycin 2 g PO daily in equally divided doses every 6 hr. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 500 mg per dose.
To calculate this, first convert 2 g to mg (1 g = 1000 mg, so 2 g = 2000 mg).
Then, since the dose is to be given every 6 hours, divide the total daily dose (2000 mg) by the number of doses per day (4 doses) to get 500 mg per dose.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the correct calculation.