ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following factors predisposes this client to developing digoxin toxicity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Taking a high-ceiling diuretic predisposes the client to digoxin toxicity as both medications can cause hypokalemia, which increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. High-ceiling diuretics like furosemide increase potassium excretion, leading to low potassium levels. Digoxin toxicity is more likely to occur in the setting of low potassium levels because digoxin competes with potassium for binding sites on the sodium-potassium pump in cardiac cells. This competition can result in increased digoxin binding to the pump, leading to toxicity.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly affect potassium levels or interact with digoxin in a way that predisposes the client to toxicity.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record for a client who has cancer and is receiving morphine via a PCA pump. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should clarify the prescription for Nalbuphine with the provider because it is an opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic and could potentially interact with morphine, leading to decreased analgesic effects or increased risk of side effects like respiratory depression. Ondansetron (
A) is commonly used for nausea and vomiting, Insulin glargine (
C) for diabetes, and Acetaminophen (
D) for pain relief, but they do not have significant interactions with morphine.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer epoetin alfa subcutaneously to a client who has anemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Check the client's hemoglobin level. This is important before administering epoetin alfa, as it stimulates red blood cell production and can increase hemoglobin levels. Monitoring the client for hypotension (
A) is important but not directly related to administering epoetin alfa. Injecting at a 15-degree angle (
B) is not specific to administering this medication. Administering in the deltoid (
D) is not the recommended site for subcutaneous injections of epoetin alfa.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is educating a client about pain management with opioids. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Long-term use of opioids may cause dependence. The nurse should include this information because opioids have the potential to lead to physical dependence over time, which can result in withdrawal symptoms if the medication is discontinued abruptly. It is crucial for the client to understand the risks associated with long-term opioid use to make informed decisions about their pain management.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Diarrhea is not a common adverse effect of opioids. Constipation is actually a more frequent side effect.
B: Opioids typically decrease urinary output, so this statement is incorrect.
D:
Tolerance to opioids often develops over time, requiring an increased dose rather than a decreased one.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a prescription for cefaclor. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as an indication of an allergic reaction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pruritus. Pruritus is a common symptom of an allergic reaction, typically presenting as itching of the skin. Allergic reactions to medications like cefaclor can manifest in various ways, but pruritus is a classic sign. Hematuria (
A) is blood in urine, not typically associated with allergic reactions. Slurred speech (
B) and tremor (
C) are more indicative of neurological issues, not allergies.
Therefore, pruritus is the most relevant finding in this scenario.