ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Electrolyte imbalance.
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) provides essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. This can lead to electrolyte imbalances due to the concentrated nature of the solution. Monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial to prevent complications such as hyperglycemia or hypokalemia. Diarrhea (
A), aspiration pneumonia (
B), and nausea (
D) are not typically associated with TPN administration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a sulfonamide allergy. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as contraindicated?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Glyburide. Sulfonamide antibiotics and sulfonylurea medications like glyburide share a similar chemical structure, increasing the risk of cross-reactivity in individuals with sulfonamide allergies. Famotidine (
A) is an H2 blocker, not contraindicated in sulfonamide allergies. Aspirin (
B) is not contraindicated unless the individual has a specific aspirin allergy. Metronidazole (
C) is an antibiotic in a different class and not contraindicated in sulfonamide allergies. Thus, the nurse should identify glyburide as contraindicated due to the potential cross-reactivity in a client with a sulfonamide allergy.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client's peripheral IV infusion of a vesicant medication and observes swelling and coolness of the skin at the insertion site. After stopping the infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Remove the IV catheter. Swelling and coolness at the insertion site indicate extravasation, which is the leakage of vesicant medication into the surrounding tissue, causing potential tissue damage. Removing the IV catheter immediately helps prevent further infiltration and tissue injury. Notifying the provider (
A) can be done after removing the catheter. Applying warm compress (
B) is incorrect as it can increase the absorption of the vesicant and worsen tissue damage. Aspirating fluid (
C) may not be effective in removing the medication from the tissue.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer total parenteral nutrition to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Keep the solution refrigerated until 1 hr before infusion.
Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a sterile solution that should be kept refrigerated to maintain its sterility. It should be taken out of the refrigerator about 1 hour before infusion to allow it to reach room temperature and prevent discomfort to the client. Checking the client's WBC count daily (
B) is not directly related to administering TPN. Changing the solution every 36 hours (
C) is not necessary unless contamination is suspected. Obtaining the client's weight three times a week (
D) is important for monitoring the effectiveness of TPN but not a preparation step.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is administering 4 mg of hydromorphone to a client by mouth every 4 hr. The medication is provided as hydromorphone 8 mg per tablet. Which of the following actions is appropriate for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dispose of the remaining medication while another nurse observes. This is appropriate to ensure proper disposal of the unused portion of the medication to prevent diversion or misuse. By disposing of the remaining medication with another nurse observing, it ensures accountability and adherence to medication safety protocols.
Choice A is incorrect because returning the medication to the facility's pharmacy can lead to confusion and potentially unsafe practices.
Choice C is incorrect as storing the remaining half of the pill in the automated medication dispensing system can lead to errors in medication administration.
Choice D is incorrect as placing the remaining half of the pill in the unit-dose package can also result in medication errors. It is essential to follow proper disposal procedures to maintain patient safety and prevent medication errors.