ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 retake 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving parenteral nutrition and identifies that the client has hypoglycemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer IV dextrose. Hypoglycemia in a client receiving parenteral nutrition indicates low blood sugar levels and requires immediate intervention to prevent complications like neurologic impairment or cardiac arrhythmias. Administering IV dextrose will quickly raise the client's blood sugar levels. Discontinuing the infusion (option
A) would further lower the client's blood sugar. Obtaining arterial blood gases (option
B) is not necessary for addressing hypoglycemia. Warming the formula to room temperature (option
C) is not the priority when dealing with hypoglycemia.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking phenelzine and reports eating aged cheese. Which of the following is a manifestation of an interaction between the medication and the food?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypertension. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can interact with tyramine-rich foods like aged cheese, leading to a hypertensive crisis. Tyramine can displace norepinephrine, causing a sudden increase in blood pressure. Bradycardia (
B), somnolence (
C), and diarrhea (
D) are not typically associated with this interaction. It is important for the nurse to assess for signs of hypertension and educate the client to avoid tyramine-rich foods to prevent adverse effects.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has received oxycodone. The nurse notes that the client's respiratory rate is 8/min. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the pathophysiology for the client's respiratory rate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Oxycodone causes central nervous system depression. Oxycodone is an opioid that acts on the central nervous system, specifically the brainstem, to depress respiratory drive. This leads to a decreased respiratory rate, as seen in the client with a rate of 8/min. The other options are incorrect because: A: Oxycodone does not inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. B: Oxycodone does not promote vasodilation of cranial arteries. C: Oxycodone does not block the sodium channel suspending nerve conduction. In summary, the client's decreased respiratory rate is due to the central nervous system depressant effect of oxycodone.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is mechanically ventilated and receiving propofol intravenously. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as a complication of administration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sepsis. Propofol can suppress the immune response, increasing the risk of infection such as sepsis. Hypokalemia (
A) is not a common complication of propofol administration. Urinary retention (
C) is not directly related to propofol. Hypoglycemia (
D) is not a common complication of propofol use.
Therefore, sepsis is the most likely complication to be identified in a client receiving propofol.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is taking a medication history from a client who has a new prescription for levothyroxine. The nurse should instruct the client to wait 4 hr after taking levothyroxine before taking which of the following supplements?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Calcium. Levothyroxine can bind to calcium, reducing its absorption. Instructing the client to wait 4 hours after taking levothyroxine before taking calcium ensures optimal absorption of both medications. Zinc (
A), Vitamin C (
B), and Ginkgo biloba (
C) do not have significant interactions with levothyroxine that would require specific timing. Waiting 4 hours before taking calcium is crucial to prevent any interference with levothyroxine absorption.