ATI RN
ATI Fundamental Exams Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving oxygen at $2 \mathrm{~L}/\min$ via a nasal cannula. The nurse recognizes the client is receiving which of the following inspired oxygen concentration?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (28%).
To calculate the inspired oxygen concentration, use the formula: %O2 = (L/min of oxygen × 4) + 21. So, %O2 = (2 × 4) + 21 = 28%. This formula accounts for the estimated oxygen concentration delivered by a nasal cannula. The other choices are incorrect because they do not reflect the accurate calculation based on the oxygen flow rate and the device being used.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for home oxygen therapy via a nasal cannula. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B, C, E
Rationale:
B: Post NO SMOKING signs in a prominent location in the home is crucial to prevent any potential fire hazards as oxygen supports combustion.
C: Notify local fire department is essential to inform emergency responders about the presence of oxygen in the home to ensure safety in case of fire.
E: Check the tops of the ears for skin breakdown is important as the nasal cannula may cause pressure ulcers on the ears if not monitored regularly.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Verify the oxygen flow rate every other day may be too frequent and unnecessary; it's crucial to monitor the flow rate consistently.
D: Apply petroleum ointment to nares if they become dry and irritated is incorrect as petroleum-based products are flammable and should not be used near oxygen sources.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a class about aromatherapy. The nurse should include that which of the following essential oils can promote sleep
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Step-by-step rationale for why A is correct:
1. Lavender oil has calming properties that can help reduce stress and promote relaxation.
2. Its soothing scent can aid in improving sleep quality and duration.
3. Studies have shown lavender’s effectiveness in promoting sleep.
4. Orange, Peppermint, and Ginger are invigorating scents that stimulate rather than relax, making them unsuitable for promoting sleep.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning to perform a blood transfusion for a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: The correct actions for the nurse to take are B, D, and E.
B: Checking vital signs before the transfusion is crucial to ensure the client's safety and monitor for any signs of adverse reactions during the procedure.
D: Transfusing the blood product within 5 hours after removing it from refrigeration is important to maintain the integrity and effectiveness of the blood product.
E: Checking the expiration date of the blood product with a second nurse ensures an additional layer of safety and verification to prevent any errors in administering expired blood products.
These actions are essential for maintaining patient safety, ensuring the effectiveness of the blood transfusion, and preventing any potential complications.
Choices A and C are incorrect because priming the blood tubing with dextrose 5% in water and using a 13-gauge needle for IV insertion are not standard procedures for blood transfusions.
Question 5 of 5
A client is admitted to the emergency room with a respiratory rate of $7/\min$. Arterial blood gases (ABG) reveal the following values. Which of the following is an appropriate analysis of the ABGs? pH 7.22, PaCO2 68 mm Hg, Base excess -2, PaO2 78 mm Hg, Saturation 80%, Bicarbonate 26 mEq/L
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Respiratory acidosis. In this scenario, the pH is low (7.22) and the PaCO2 is high (68 mm Hg), indicating respiratory acidosis. When the respiratory rate is slow (7/min), less CO2 is exhaled, leading to CO2 retention and respiratory acidosis. The other options are incorrect because the given ABG values do not match the criteria for metabolic acidosis (low bicarbonate, pH<7.35), metabolic alkalosis (high bicarbonate, pH>7.45), or respiratory alkalosis (low PaCO2, high pH).
Therefore, based on the ABG values provided, the correct analysis is respiratory acidosis.