ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving ondansetron IV. Which of the following findings is an indication that the ondansetron is effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased nausea. Ondansetron is an antiemetic medication used to treat nausea and vomiting.
Therefore, a decrease in nausea indicates that the medication is effective in managing the client's symptoms. Reduced dizziness (
B) and absence of peripheral neuropathy (
D) are not directly related to the action of ondansetron. Increased urinary output (
C) is not a typical effect of ondansetron.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is taking a medication history from a client who has a new prescription for levothyroxine. The nurse should instruct the client to wait 4 hr after taking levothyroxine before taking which of the following supplements?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calcium. Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach to ensure optimal absorption. Calcium can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine, so it is recommended to wait at least 4 hours after taking levothyroxine before consuming calcium supplements. Ginkgo biloba, Vitamin C, and Zinc do not significantly interfere with levothyroxine absorption, so there is no need to wait specifically for them. Calcium is the correct choice because of its known interference with levothyroxine absorption.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a gonococcal infection and has been prescribed an 1M injection of ceftriaxone. The client refuses the medication because they are afraid of needles. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: I will discuss other treatment options with your provider. This response shows empathy and understanding towards the client's fear of needles, while also indicating a proactive approach to explore alternative treatment options. By involving the provider in the discussion, the nurse can work together with the client to find a suitable alternative that addresses the infection without causing distress.
Choice A is incorrect as it disregards the client's fear and may lead to further resistance.
Choice B is incorrect as it uses fear tactics, which can be counterproductive.
Choice C is incorrect as it minimizes the client's fear without addressing the underlying issue.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following factors predisposes this client to developing digoxin toxicity?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Taking a high-ceiling diuretic. High-ceiling diuretics, like furosemide, can lead to hypokalemia by increasing potassium excretion, which can potentiate the risk of digoxin toxicity as digoxin competes with potassium for binding sites on the myocardial cell membrane.
Therefore, when a client is taking digoxin along with a high-ceiling diuretic, the risk of digoxin toxicity increases. The other choices, B, C, and D, do not directly predispose the client to digoxin toxicity. HMG COA reductase inhibitors are used to lower cholesterol levels and do not interact with digoxin. COPD and a prolapsed mitral valve are unrelated to the risk of digoxin toxicity.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who develops an anaphylactic reaction to IV antibiotic administration. After assessing the client's respiratory status and stopping the medication infusion. Which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A: Administer epinephrine 1M.
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis as it helps to reverse the severe allergic reaction by constricting blood vessels, increasing heart rate, and opening airways, thus improving breathing and blood pressure. Administering epinephrine intramuscularly is recommended in the initial management of anaphylaxis.
Summary of other choices:
B: Replacing the IV infusion with saline may help maintain fluid status but does not address the anaphylactic reaction.
C: Diphenhydramine may be used to relieve itching and hives but does not address the life-threatening respiratory distress in anaphylaxis.
D: Elevating the legs and feet does not address the immediate need to treat the anaphylactic reaction and may delay necessary interventions.