ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving magnesium sulfate IV bolus for preeclampsia. The client's respiratory rate is 6/min and they have absent deep tendon reflexes. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calcium gluconate. In this scenario, the client is showing signs of magnesium sulfate toxicity, including respiratory depression and absent deep tendon reflexes. Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity as it competes with magnesium for receptor sites, counteracting its effects. Methylergonovine is used to prevent or control postpartum hemorrhage, not for magnesium sulfate toxicity. Naloxone is used to reverse opioid overdose, not for magnesium sulfate toxicity. Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid used for various conditions but is not indicated for magnesium sulfate toxicity.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a gonococcal infection and has been prescribed an 1M injection of ceftriaxone. The client refuses the medication because they are afraid of needles. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: I will discuss other treatment options with your provider. This response shows empathy and understanding towards the client's fear of needles, while also indicating a proactive approach to explore alternative treatment options. By involving the provider in the discussion, the nurse can work together with the client to find a suitable alternative that addresses the infection without causing distress.
Choice A is incorrect as it disregards the client's fear and may lead to further resistance.
Choice B is incorrect as it uses fear tactics, which can be counterproductive.
Choice C is incorrect as it minimizes the client's fear without addressing the underlying issue.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take to minimize bleeding following the injection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Grasp skin between thumb and forefinger throughout the injection. This technique helps to stabilize the tissue around the injection site, reducing the risk of bleeding. By holding the skin taut, the needle can be inserted more accurately, minimizing trauma to the blood vessels and tissues. This method also helps prevent the medication from leaking out of the injection site, ensuring proper absorption.
For the other choices:
A: Gently massaging the site following the injection can increase bleeding by disrupting the clotting process.
C: The Z-track method is used for intramuscular injections, not subcutaneous, and is not necessary to minimize bleeding in this case.
D: Aspirating the syringe is not required for subcutaneous injections and does not directly impact bleeding following the injection.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in the post-anesthesia unit who is experiencing malignant hyperthermia. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dantrolene. Dantrolene is the drug of choice for treating malignant hyperthermia, a rare but life-threatening condition triggered by certain medications used during anesthesia. Dantrolene works by inhibiting the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle cells, which helps to reduce muscle contractions and hyperthermia. Verapamil (
A) is a calcium channel blocker used for different purposes. Naloxone (
B) is an opioid antagonist used for opioid overdoses. Cefazolin (
C) is an antibiotic used for treating infections. In summary, Dantrolene is the appropriate choice for managing malignant hyperthermia due to its mechanism of action in preventing further muscle contraction and hyperthermia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has received propofol during a colonoscopy. The nurse should monitor for which of the following as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decrease in respiratory rate. Propofol is a sedative-hypnotic medication that can cause respiratory depression as a common adverse effect. This is due to its central nervous system depressant effects. The nurse should monitor the client closely for signs of decreased respiratory rate, such as shallow breathing or respiratory distress. Monitoring respiratory status is crucial to prevent respiratory compromise or arrest.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Increase in heart rate - Propofol typically causes a decrease in heart rate, not an increase.
C: Increase in bowel function - Propofol does not affect bowel function.
D: Decrease in body temperature - Propofol is not known to cause a decrease in body temperature.