ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV 0.9% sodium chloride for the treatment of hypovolemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication the treatment is effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Blood pressure 124/74 mm Hg. This finding indicates that the IV 0.9% sodium chloride treatment for hypovolemia is effective because a normal blood pressure range suggests adequate fluid volume and perfusion. A: Heart rate 104/min may indicate ongoing compensatory mechanisms due to hypovolemia. B: 2+ pitting edema in lower extremities suggests fluid overload rather than effective treatment. D: Increased hematocrit could indicate hemoconcentration due to dehydration, not necessarily effective treatment.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer propranolol to a client. Which of the following should the nurse assess prior to administering this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Heart rate. Propranolol is a beta-blocker that primarily affects the heart by reducing heart rate and blood pressure.
Therefore, assessing the client's heart rate before administering the medication is crucial to determine if it is within the safe range. Monitoring the heart rate helps prevent potential complications such as bradycardia or heart block.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because propranolol does not directly impact respiratory rate, pain level, or temperature. While these assessments may be important for overall client care, they are not specifically related to the administration of propranolol. It is essential for the nurse to focus on assessing parameters directly affected by the medication to ensure safe and effective administration.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking phenelzine and reports eating aged cheese. Which of the following is a manifestation of an interaction between the medication and the food?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypertension. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can interact with tyramine in aged cheese, leading to a hypertensive crisis. Tyramine can cause the release of norepinephrine, resulting in increased blood pressure. A is incorrect because somnolence is not typically associated with this interaction. B is incorrect as bradycardia is not a common manifestation. C is incorrect as diarrhea is not a typical symptom of this interaction.
Therefore, the correct answer is D due to the potential for a dangerous hypertensive crisis.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing a client's medical history before administering a new prescription for atropine. Which of the following client conditions is contraindicated?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Glaucoma. Atropine is a medication that can worsen glaucoma by increasing intraocular pressure, leading to potential vision loss. Diarrhea (
A), diverticulitis (
B), and bronchospasms (
D) are not contraindications for atropine. In fact, atropine can be used to treat diarrhea and bronchospasms. Always consider the client's medical history to ensure safe administration of medications.
Question 5 of 5
A home care nurse is teaching a client about safe medication disposal. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Return expired medication to the pharmacist. This is the safest and most environmentally friendly method of medication disposal. Pharmacies have proper protocols for disposing of medications to prevent harm to individuals and the environment. Pouring medication into a wastebasket (
B) can result in accidental ingestion by children or pets. Flushing medication down the toilet (
C) can contaminate water sources. Crushing medication and rinsing them down the sink (
D) can also contaminate water and harm aquatic life.