ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 V Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving diazepam for moderate (conscious) sedation. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to assess for an adverse reaction to the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor the client's oxygen saturation. When administering diazepam for conscious sedation, a potential adverse reaction is respiratory depression, which can lead to decreased oxygen saturation. Monitoring oxygen saturation allows the nurse to promptly identify any respiratory compromise. Checking urinary output (
B) is not directly related to assessing for adverse reactions to diazepam. Monitoring for seizure activity (
C) is important when administering medications that lower seizure threshold, but it is not a common adverse reaction of diazepam. Auscultating bowel sounds (
D) is unrelated to assessing for adverse reactions to diazepam.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking interferon. Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fever. Interferon can cause flu-like symptoms, including fever, as an adverse effect. This is due to its immunomodulatory properties. Tinnitus (
A) is not a common adverse effect of interferon. Paresthesia (
C) refers to abnormal sensations like tingling, which are not typically associated with interferon. Oliguria (
D) is a decrease in urine output and is not a common adverse effect of interferon. In summary, fever is the most likely adverse effect of interferon, while the other options are less likely to be directly related to this medication.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for captopril. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Exercise caution when changing positions. This is important to include in the teaching because captopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness upon standing up quickly. By advising the client to exercise caution when changing positions, the nurse can help prevent falls and other complications. Option A is incorrect as captopril can increase potassium levels, so adding a daily potassium supplement may lead to hyperkalemia. Option B is incorrect because increasing sodium intake can counteract the medication's blood pressure-lowering effects. Option D is incorrect as monitoring pulse rate is not specifically necessary for captopril.
Question 4 of 5
A home care nurse is teaching a client about safe medication disposal. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Return expired medication to the pharmacist. This is the safest and most environmentally friendly method of medication disposal. Pharmacies have proper protocols for disposing of medications to prevent harm to individuals and the environment.
Choice A is incorrect as flushing medication down the toilet can contaminate water sources.
Choice B is incorrect as throwing medication in the trash can lead to accidental ingestion by children or pets.
Choice D is incorrect as crushing medication and rinsing it down the sink can also harm the environment. It is essential to follow proper disposal guidelines to ensure the safety of everyone.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who develops an anaphylactic reaction to IV antibiotic administration. After assessing the client's respiratory status and stopping the medication infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer epinephrine IM. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis as it helps reverse severe allergic reactions by constricting blood vessels, improving breathing, and increasing heart rate. Administering epinephrine promptly can prevent progression to life-threatening complications.
A: Giving diphenhydramine may help with itching and hives, but it does not address the immediate life-threatening symptoms of anaphylaxis.
C: Replacing the infusion with saline does not address the client's immediate need for treatment of anaphylaxis.
D: Elevating the client's legs and feet does not address the airway compromise and cardiovascular collapse seen in anaphylaxis.
In summary, administering epinephrine is crucial in managing an anaphylactic reaction due to its rapid onset of action and life-saving effects.