ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving diazepam for moderate (conscious) sedation. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to assess for an adverse reaction to the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Monitor the client's oxygen saturation. When a client is receiving diazepam for sedation, respiratory depression is a potential adverse reaction. Monitoring oxygen saturation allows the nurse to assess for any signs of respiratory compromise. This is crucial as sedative medications can depress the respiratory drive. Auscultating bowel sounds (
B) and checking urinary output (
D) are not directly related to assessing for adverse reactions to diazepam. Monitoring for seizure activity (
A) would be more relevant if the client was receiving an antiepileptic medication. Thus, the most appropriate action to assess for an adverse reaction to diazepam is monitoring the client's oxygen saturation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a scheduled dose of warfarin to a client. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse review prior to administration?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: PT (Prothrombin Time). PT is used to monitor warfarin therapy as it measures the extrinsic pathway of the clotting process, which warfarin affects. Monitoring PT helps ensure the client is within the therapeutic range to prevent bleeding or clotting complications.
Total iron-binding capacity (
B) is unrelated to warfarin therapy. WBC (
C) is a white blood cell count, not relevant for warfarin monitoring. PTT (
D) is used to monitor heparin therapy, not warfarin.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for captopril. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Exercise caution when changing positions. This is important to prevent dizziness and potential falls due to captopril's tendency to lower blood pressure. A: Taking extra potassium can lead to hyperkalemia, a dangerous side effect. B: Monitoring pulse rate is not necessary for captopril. C: Increasing sodium intake contradicts the medication's purpose of lowering blood pressure. E, F, and G are not applicable.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer total parenteral nutrition to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Keep the solution refrigerated until 1 hr before infusion. This is important to prevent bacterial growth and maintain the integrity of the TPN solution. Keeping it refrigerated helps to preserve the nutrients and prevent contamination.
A: Obtaining the client's weight three times a week is not directly related to administering TPN.
B: Checking the client's WBC count daily is not necessary for administering TPN.
D: Changing the solution every 36 hours is not the standard practice for TPN administration.
In summary, choice C is correct because it ensures the safety and efficacy of the TPN solution, while the other choices are not directly relevant to the administration process.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to mix short-acting insulin with NPH insulin from two vials. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inject air into the vial to withdraw the short-acting insulin. The rationale is to prevent the formation of a vacuum in the vial when withdrawing the insulin. By injecting air, it equalizes the pressure inside the vial, making it easier to withdraw the desired amount of insulin accurately. This step ensures that the correct dosage is obtained and minimizes the risk of contamination or air bubbles in the syringe.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Administer the insulin within 20 min of preparing it - This is not a necessary step for mixing short-acting insulin with NPH insulin; it is more important to ensure accurate dosage.
C: Ensure the NPH insulin is drawn into the syringe first - This is incorrect as the order of drawing the insulins does not affect their mixing or effectiveness.
D: Use two separate syringes to mix the insulin - This is unnecessary and increases the risk of errors in dosage measurement