ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical 2 Final 2024 Assessment Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving cisplatin for the treatment of ovarian cancer. The client's most recent complete blood count (CBC) is shown in the table below. It is important for the nurse to consider which of the following for the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client's WBC count of 1,400/mm^3 indicates leukopenia, significantly increasing infection risk. Hemoglobin (12.1 g/dL) and albumin (4.5 g/dL) are normal, so erythropoiesis-stimulating agents or increased protein diet are not indicated. Platelet count (170,000/mm^3) is normal, so bleeding risk is not elevated.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing a client who has AIDS for discharge. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the discharge instructions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Good household cleaning practices reduce infection risk, crucial for immunocompromised AIDS patients.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in a clinic is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has primary hypothyroidism. The nurse should anticipate an elevation of which of the following laboratory values?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In primary hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland is underactive and does not produce sufficient thyroid hormones, including Free T4.
Therefore, we would not expect an elevation of Free T4 in primary hypothyroidism; instead, its levels would typically be low or normal. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are elevated in primary hypothyroidism because the pituitary gland releases more TSH in an attempt to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce more thyroid hormones. This is a compensatory response to the low levels of circulating thyroid hormones, particularly thyroxine (T4). Serum T3 levels may be low or normal in primary hypothyroidism. T3 is the active form of thyroid hormone and is usually converted from T4. If T4 levels are low, T3 levels may also be affected; however, T3 levels are not the primary diagnostic marker for hypothyroidism and do not typically show elevation in this condition. Serum T4 levels are typically low in primary hypothyroidism because the thyroid gland is not producing enough of this hormone. An elevation of serum T4 would not be expected unless the patient is receiving treatment for hypothyroidism.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Fluid overload causes increased respiratory rate, blood pressure, and heart rate due to pulmonary edema and increased blood volume.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing risk factors for osteoporosis with a group of nursing students. The nurse should include that which of the following types of medication therapy is a risk factor for osteoporosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thyroid hormones (
A), especially in excess, increase bone resorption, leading to bone loss and higher osteoporosis risk. NSAIDs (
B), anticoagulants (
C), and cardiac glycosides (
D) are not strongly linked to osteoporosis, with thyroid hormones having the most significant impact on bone metabolism.