ATI RN
ATI RN Fundamentals Updated 2023 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative and has a new prescription to advance her diet to full liquids. Which of the following foods should the nurse offer the client as a part of a full liquid diet?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Plain yogurt. Full liquid diet includes foods that are liquid at room temperature or can be easily changed to a liquid form. Plain yogurt fits this criteria as it is a smooth, easily digestible food suitable for a full liquid diet. Oatmeal (
A) and scrambled eggs (
C) are not considered full liquids as they are solid foods. Applesauce (
D) is a soft food but may not be suitable for a full liquid diet due to its thickness.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled to have his alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level checked. The client asks the nurse to explain the laboratory test. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is an enzyme found predominantly in the liver. Elevated ALT levels indicate liver damage or disease.
Therefore, by checking ALT levels, the test provides information about the function of the liver.
Choice A is incorrect because ALT is not related to kidney function.
Choice B is incorrect because ALT does not assess heart function.
Choice D is incorrect because ALT does not indicate the risk of developing blood clots.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer gentamicin 2 mg/kg IV to a client who weighs 20 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 18
Rationale: The correct answer is 18 mg.
To calculate: 20 lb * 2 mg/kg = 40 mg. Since the question asks for the nearest whole number, and 40 is closer to 18 than 19, the nurse should administer 18 mg.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: 15 mg - This is not the nearest whole number to the calculated dose.
B: 20 mg - This is higher than the calculated dose.
C: 25 mg - This is higher than the calculated dose.
D: 30 mg - This is much higher than the calculated dose.
E: 35 mg - This is significantly higher than the calculated dose.
F: 10 mg - This is lower than the calculated dose.
G: 5 mg - This is much lower than the calculated dose.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for a 250 mL IV fluid bolus. The nurse administers a 500 mL IV bolus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Obtain the client's vital signs. This is the first action the nurse should take because administering a larger IV fluid bolus than prescribed can potentially lead to adverse effects such as fluid overload or electrolyte imbalances. By obtaining the client's vital signs, the nurse can assess for any immediate signs of complications, such as changes in blood pressure, heart rate, or respiratory rate. This immediate assessment is crucial in ensuring the client's safety and well-being.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Documenting the fluid infusion is important, but not the first priority in this situation.
B: Completing an incident report should be done after addressing the immediate needs of the client.
D: Reporting the incident to the unit manager is important, but not before ensuring the client's immediate safety.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is scheduled for an allogeneic stem cell transplant. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Your visitors will need to wear protective gowns. This is important because patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplant have weakened immune systems and are at a high risk of infection. Visitors can introduce harmful pathogens, hence the need for protective gowns.
Incorrect answers:
A: Negative-airflow rooms are used for patients with airborne infections, not specifically for stem cell transplant recipients.
B: Semi-private rooms may increase the risk of exposure to pathogens from other patients.
D: The patient, not the nurse, should wear a mask when outside the room to protect themselves.
In summary, choice C is correct as it directly addresses the need to protect the patient from potential infections brought in by visitors.