ATI RN
RN-ATI-Fundamentals-of-Nursing-2023-2024 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative and refuses to use an incentive spirometer following major abdominal surgery. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Determine the reasons why the client is refusing to use the incentive spirometer. The priority is to understand the client's rationale behind refusal to address any barriers or concerns. This allows for tailored interventions to promote compliance and prevent complications like atelectasis. Requesting a respiratory therapist (
A) may be helpful later, but not the priority. Documenting refusal (
C) is important but doesn't address the root cause. Administering pain medication (
D) is not the priority over addressing the refusal.
Extract:
urses' Notes 0900:
Client reports a 3-month history of intermittent diarrhea and abdominal pain. Reports unintentional weight loss of 5.5 kg (12~O Ib)in 3 months.
0930:Stool sample obtained for fecal occult blood test. Fatty appearance and foul odor noted.
Question 2 of 5
For each assessment finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis, or Crohn’s disease.
| Assessment | Ulcerativecolitis | Diverticilis | Crohn'sdisease |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fever | |||
| Steatorrhea | |||
| Anemia | |||
| Weight loss | |||
| Diarrhea |
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D
Rationale:
To determine the correct answer, we need to consider the typical manifestations of each condition. Fever is common in all three conditions, but steatorrhea is more indicative of Crohn's disease due to malabsorption. Anemia can occur in all three but is more common in ulcerative colitis due to chronic inflammation. Weight loss is a common symptom in all inflammatory bowel diseases.
Therefore, the correct answer is A, B, C, D as these findings are consistent with multiple conditions.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing a client's cardiac rhythm strips and notes a constant P-R interval of 0.35 seconds. Which of the following dysrhythmias is the client displaying?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: First-degree atrioventricular block. A constant P-R interval of 0.35 seconds indicates a prolonged conduction time between the atria and ventricles. In first-degree AV block, there is a delay in the conduction through the AV node, resulting in a prolonged P-R interval. This dysrhythmia is characterized by a consistent delay without dropped beats.
Choice B (Complete heart block) would present with a variable P-R interval and complete dissociation between atrial and ventricular activity.
Choice C (Premature atrial complexes) are early electrical impulses originating in the atria, not involving the AV node.
Choice D (Atrial fibrillation) would show irregular and chaotic atrial activity without a consistent P-R interval.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching about home care of a surgical incision to a client who speaks a different language from the nurse. The nurse is communicating with the client using an interpreter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Speak directly to the client. This is important because even though an interpreter is present, the nurse should address the client directly to establish a connection and ensure clear communication. Speaking directly to the client maintains respect and helps build trust. The other choices are incorrect because:
A) Speaking slowly to the interpreter may cause confusion and delays in communication.
B) Pausing in the middle of sentences can disrupt the flow of conversation and hinder understanding.
D) Using gestures alone may lead to misunderstandings or misinterpretations. It is crucial to prioritize direct communication with the client to ensure effective and respectful interaction.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching about advance directives with a client who has end-stage renal disease. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I know that I can change my advance directives if needed in the future." This statement indicates an understanding of advance directives, which are legal documents that allow individuals to specify their healthcare preferences. Being able to change the directives reflects the client's awareness of the flexibility and control they have over their healthcare decisions.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
B: "My healthcare proxy will make decisions as soon as I sign the power of attorney." This is incorrect because a healthcare proxy only makes decisions when the individual is unable to do so themselves.
C: "My family can overrule the decisions made by my healthcare proxy." This is incorrect because the healthcare proxy's decisions should be respected and followed.
D: "Advance directives from one state are valid in any other state." This is incorrect as advance directives must comply with the laws of the state they are in.