ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is in shock and is receiving an infusion of albumin. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C - Increase in BP
Rationale: Albumin is a colloid solution that helps increase plasma volume, leading to an increase in blood pressure in patients with shock. This increase in BP is an expected outcome when administering albumin to a patient in shock.
Incorrect choices:
A: Oxygen saturation 96% - This finding is not directly related to the administration of albumin and does not indicate the expected response in a patient in shock.
B: PaCO2 30 mm Hg - PaCO2 levels are not typically influenced by the administration of albumin and are not a specific expected finding in this scenario.
D: Decrease in protein - Albumin is a protein, so administering it would not lead to a decrease in protein levels in the patient.
Summary: The correct answer is C because albumin infusion helps increase blood pressure in patients in shock.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to the expected outcome of administering albumin in
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a guardian of a school-age child who has a new prescription for a fluticasone metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (SATA)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C, D, E
Rationale:
C: Shake the device prior to administration helps ensure proper mixing of the medication for effective delivery.
D: A spacer will make it easier to use the device by helping the child inhale the medication more effectively and reducing the risk of side effects.
E: Using a spacer also reduces the likelihood of oral thrush, a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Soaking the inhaler in water after use is unnecessary and may damage the device.
B: Taking one inhalation as needed for shortness of breath is not an appropriate dosing instruction for a maintenance medication like fluticasone.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is consulting a formulary about a client's new prescription for raloxifene. The nurse should identify that this medication is used to treat which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Osteoporosis. Raloxifene is a medication used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women by increasing bone mineral density and reducing the risk of fractures. It is a selective estrogen receptor modulator. The other choices (B, C, D, E, F, G) are incorrect because raloxifene is not indicated for hypothyroidism, urinary tract infection, or any other condition besides osteoporosis. It is important for the nurse to understand the specific indications and mechanisms of action of medications to ensure safe and effective patient care.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who requires treatment for high cholesterol. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Colesevelam (Welchol). Colesevelam is a bile acid sequestrant used to lower cholesterol levels by binding to bile acids in the intestines, preventing their reabsorption, and promoting their excretion in the feces. This ultimately reduces the total cholesterol levels in the body. Colchicine (
A) is used to treat gout and familial Mediterranean fever, not high cholesterol. Cimetidine (
B) is an H2 blocker used to reduce stomach acid production. Chlorpromazine (
D) is an antipsychotic medication.
Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect for the treatment of high cholesterol.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is 12 hr postpartum and has a third-degree perineal laceration. The client reports not having a bowel movement for 4 days. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bisacodyl 10 mg per rectum. This medication is a stimulant laxative that helps stimulate bowel movements and relieve constipation. In this scenario, the client's lack of bowel movement for 4 days postpartum, especially with a third-degree perineal laceration, can lead to discomfort and complications like fecal impaction. Administering a rectal suppository ensures a faster onset of action compared to oral medications.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Magnesium hydroxide is an oral laxative that may take longer to have an effect compared to a rectal suppository.
C: Famotidine is a medication used to reduce stomach acid and is not indicated for constipation.
D: Loperamide is an antidiarrheal medication and would worsen the client's constipation.