ATI RN
ATI Nur 270 Pediatrics GI GU Exam Questions
Extract:
A client who is HIV positive and is one day postoperative following an appendectomy
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is HIV positive and is one day postoperative following an appendectomy. The nurse should wear a gown as personal protective equipment when taking which of the following actions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Completing a dressing change. When performing a dressing change on a client who is HIV positive, the nurse should wear a gown as personal protective equipment to prevent exposure to the client's blood or body fluids. This is important to reduce the risk of transmission of HIV to the nurse. Administering an intermittent IV bolus medication (
A) does not require wearing a gown unless there is a risk of exposure to blood or body fluids. Talking to the client at the bedside (
B) and administering an IM injection (
C) do not involve contact with blood or body fluids that would necessitate wearing a gown. Completing a dressing change (
D) involves direct contact with the client's wound and potentially contaminated materials, making it necessary to wear a gown for protection.
Extract:
A child who is receiving chemotherapy and has been prescribed a neutropenic diet
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing appropriate nutritional options for a child who is receiving chemotherapy and has been prescribed a neutropenic diet. The nurse would recommend which of the following options
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vanilla milkshake made with pasteurized milk. This option is suitable for a neutropenic diet as it involves pasteurized milk, which reduces the risk of harmful bacteria. Lox (
A) and sushi (
D) may contain raw fish, posing a risk of infection. Ham and cheese (
C) may not be recommended due to potential contamination risks. The vanilla milkshake (
B) provides a safe and nutritious option for the child undergoing chemotherapy, meeting the dietary restrictions to prevent infections.
Extract:
A child who has acute gastroenteritis but is able to tolerate oral fluids
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has acute gastroenteritis but is able to tolerate oral fluids. The nurse should anticipate providing which of the following types of fluid?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Oral rehydration solution. This is because oral rehydration solution contains the optimal balance of electrolytes such as sodium and potassium, which are crucial for rehydration in cases of gastroenteritis. It helps replace lost fluids and electrolytes more effectively than plain water or other fluids. Water (choice
B) lacks essential electrolytes and may not adequately rehydrate the child. Broth (choice
C) and diluted apple juice (choice
D) may also lack the necessary electrolyte balance and could potentially worsen dehydration. Hence, oral rehydration solution is the most appropriate choice for this scenario.
Extract:
An 8-year-old boy with sudden onset of abdominal pain and reddish-brown urine, urinalysis shows 4+ protein, history of strep throat a little over a week ago, Temp 100.6F, RR-22, HR-105, BP=130/89
Question 4 of 5
An 8-year-old boy and his father visit the pediatrician's office with reports of a sudden onset of abdominal pain and reddish-brown urine. A urinalysis shows 4+ protein. On taking the boy's health history, the nurse learns that he had strep throat a little over a week ago. Assessment findings: Temp 100.6F, RR-22, HR-105, BP=130/89. Which condition should the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Acute glomerulonephritis. The key findings in this case are sudden onset abdominal pain, reddish-brown urine (indicative of hematuria), proteinuria, recent history of strep throat (post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis), and vital signs showing signs of inflammation (elevated temp, HR). Acute glomerulonephritis is an inflammatory condition of the glomeruli in the kidneys, commonly triggered by a preceding streptococcal infection. This leads to hematuria, proteinuria, and elevated blood pressure. Renal agenesis (
B) is a congenital absence of one or both kidneys, not consistent with the symptoms. Nephrotic syndrome (
C) presents with massive proteinuria, edema, and hypoalbuminemia, which are not the primary symptoms here. Polycystic kidney disease (
D) is a genetic disorder causing multiple cysts
Extract:
A 4-month-old infant who is one day postoperative following surgical repair of a cleft lip
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 4-month-old infant who is one day postoperative following surgical repair of a cleft lip. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A, D, E
Rationale:
A: Positioning the infant on their back and upright in Semi-Fowler's helps prevent aspiration, promotes drainage, and reduces stress on the surgical site.
D: Applying elbow restraints as ordered prevents the infant from touching or injuring the surgical site, promoting healing.
E: Maintaining IV therapy for nutrition is important postoperatively to ensure the infant receives adequate nutrition and hydration for healing.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
B: Encouraging the parents to hold the baby is generally beneficial for bonding and comfort but may risk disrupting the surgical site.
C: Administering aspirin for pain is contraindicated in infants due to the risk of Reye's syndrome.