ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing severe vomiting. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prochlorperazine. This medication is an antiemetic that helps in controlling severe vomiting. It works by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, reducing nausea and vomiting. Propafenone (
A) is an antiarrhythmic drug, not indicated for vomiting. Simvastatin (
B) is a statin used for lowering cholesterol. Metformin (
D) is an antidiabetic medication. These choices are incorrect for treating severe vomiting as they do not have antiemetic properties.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving high-dose metoclopramide. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tardive dyskinesia. Metoclopramide, especially in high doses, can lead to tardive dyskinesia, a serious movement disorder characterized by involuntary repetitive movements of the face and body. This adverse effect is more common with long-term use. It is crucial for the nurse to monitor the client for any signs of tardive dyskinesia to prevent further complications.
A: Dry cough is not a common adverse effect of metoclopramide.
B: Oral candidiasis is not a common adverse effect of metoclopramide.
C: Black stools are not a common adverse effect of metoclopramide.
E, F, G: No additional options provided.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take to minimize bleeding following the injection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Grasp skin between thumb and forefinger throughout the injection. This technique helps to create tension in the skin, making it easier for the needle to penetrate the subcutaneous tissue and reducing the risk of bleeding. Massaging the site (choice
A) can actually increase the risk of bleeding by disrupting the clotting process. The Z-track method (choice
C) is used for intramuscular injections, not subcutaneous. Aspirating the syringe (choice
D) is not necessary for subcutaneous injections as there are no large blood vessels in the subcutaneous tissue.
Therefore, grasping the skin between thumb and forefinger is the correct technique to minimize bleeding following a subcutaneous injection.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse accidently administers metformin instead of metoprolol to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Check the client's glucose level. Metformin is used to treat diabetes, so administering it instead of metoprolol can cause hypoglycemia. Checking the client's glucose level is crucial to monitor for and manage potential hypoglycemia. Monitoring thyroid function levels (
B), collecting uric acid level (
C), and obtaining HDL level (
D) are not directly related to the administration error and are not immediate priorities. The nurse should focus on addressing the potential hypoglycemia first.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving diazepam for moderate (conscious) sedation. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to assess for an adverse reaction to the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Monitor the client's oxygen saturation. When a client is receiving diazepam for sedation, respiratory depression is a potential adverse reaction. Monitoring oxygen saturation allows the nurse to assess for any signs of respiratory compromise. This is crucial as sedative medications can depress the respiratory drive. Auscultating bowel sounds (
B) and checking urinary output (
D) are not directly related to assessing for adverse reactions to diazepam. Monitoring for seizure activity (
A) would be more relevant if the client was receiving an antiepileptic medication. Thus, the most appropriate action to assess for an adverse reaction to diazepam is monitoring the client's oxygen saturation.