ATI RN
ATI nur330 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anaphylactic shock in response to the administration of penicillin. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, rapidly reversing airway constriction, hypotension, and swelling. Other medications are not initial treatments.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department (ED) is admitting a client. Select the 3 findings that require immediate follow-up.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: A heart rate of 43 bpm, third-degree AV block on EKG, and crackles with 90% oxygen saturation indicate life-threatening conditions requiring immediate intervention. Neurological status and temperature are stable.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a community education course about the physical complications related to substance use disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the primary cause of liver cirrhosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic alcohol use is the most common cause of liver cirrhosis due to liver cell damage and fibrosis. Cocaine, inhalants, and caffeine are not primary causes.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is having a seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Side-lying position prevents aspiration, removing objects reduces injury risk, and assessing airway patency prevents hypoxia.
Tongue depressors and restraints are contraindicated.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in a critical care unit who suffered a knife wound to the chest. The nurse suspects the client is developing cardiac tamponade. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse identify as supporting this suspicion?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Muffled heart sounds are a hallmark finding in cardiac tamponade due to fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac, which dampens the sound of the heart. Flattened neck veins are inconsistent with cardiac tamponade; distended neck veins are commonly seen. Tachycardia, not bradycardia, is a compensatory response. Lethargy is not specific to cardiac tamponade.