ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 V Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing severe vomiting. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prochlorperazine. This medication is an antiemetic, which helps to alleviate vomiting. It works by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, reducing nausea and vomiting. Propafenone (
A) is an antiarrhythmic drug, Metformin (
B) is used for diabetes, and Simvastatin (
D) is a statin for cholesterol. These medications do not treat vomiting. It is important for the nurse to select the appropriate medication to address the client's symptoms effectively.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is developing a teaching plan for an older adult client who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which of the following expected outcomes should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The client will wear his reading glasses when drawing up a dose of insulin glargine. This is crucial to ensure accurate dosing and prevent medication errors, especially for older adults who may have visual impairments. Wearing reading glasses can help the client see the markings on the syringe clearly, ensuring they draw up the correct dose.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Taking an additional dose of insulin glargine prior to exercise is not appropriate without proper guidance from a healthcare provider as it can lead to hypoglycemia.
C: Administering insulin glargine before each meal is not correct as insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin and is usually administered once daily at the same time each day.
D: Using the deltoid muscle as an injection site is not recommended for insulin glargine as it is typically injected subcutaneously into the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm for consistent absorption.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who develops an anaphylactic reaction to IV antibiotic administration. After assessing the client's respiratory status and stopping the medication infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer epinephrine IM. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis as it helps reverse severe allergic reactions by constricting blood vessels, improving breathing, and increasing heart rate. Administering epinephrine promptly can prevent progression to life-threatening complications.
A: Giving diphenhydramine may help with itching and hives, but it does not address the immediate life-threatening symptoms of anaphylaxis.
C: Replacing the infusion with saline does not address the client's immediate need for treatment of anaphylaxis.
D: Elevating the client's legs and feet does not address the airway compromise and cardiovascular collapse seen in anaphylaxis.
In summary, administering epinephrine is crucial in managing an anaphylactic reaction due to its rapid onset of action and life-saving effects.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer propranolol to a client. Which of the following should the nurse assess prior to administering this medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Heart rate. Propranolol is a beta-blocker that primarily works by slowing down the heart rate and reducing blood pressure.
Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to assess the client's heart rate before administering this medication to ensure it is within the safe range. Assessing the heart rate helps the nurse monitor for potential side effects such as bradycardia.
A: Pain level is not directly related to the administration of propranolol.
B: Temperature is not directly related to the administration of propranolol.
C: Respiratory rate is not the primary parameter to assess before administering propranolol.
In summary, assessing the heart rate is essential before administering propranolol to monitor its effects and ensure client safety.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer the varicella vaccine to a group of clients. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as having a contraindication for receiving this immunization?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a client with AIDS has a weakened immune system, making them more susceptible to adverse reactions from live vaccines like the varicella vaccine. This population is at higher risk of developing severe complications from the vaccine.
A: A young adult with an egg allergy is not a contraindication for the varicella vaccine since the vaccine is grown in a cell culture, not eggs.
B: An older adult in a long-term care facility does not have a contraindication unless there are specific health conditions present.
C: A child who recently received the human papillomavirus vaccine is not a contraindication for varicella vaccine.
In summary, choice D is correct due to the increased risk of adverse reactions in a client with AIDS, while the other choices do not present contraindications.