ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing severe vomiting. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prochlorperazine. This medication is an antiemetic that helps to control severe vomiting. It works by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain, reducing nausea and vomiting. Propafenone (
A) is an antiarrhythmic drug, not indicated for vomiting. Simvastatin (
B) is a statin used for cholesterol management, unrelated to vomiting. Metformin (
D) is an antidiabetic drug, not used for vomiting. In summary, prochlorperazine is the appropriate choice for managing severe vomiting due to its antiemetic properties.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is taking a medication history from a client who has a new prescription for levothyroxine. The nurse should instruct the client to wait 4 hr after taking levothyroxine before taking which of the following supplements?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calcium. Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach to ensure optimal absorption. Calcium can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine, so it is recommended to wait at least 4 hours after taking levothyroxine before consuming calcium supplements. Ginkgo biloba, Vitamin C, and Zinc do not significantly interfere with levothyroxine absorption, so there is no need to wait specifically for them. Calcium is the correct choice because of its known interference with levothyroxine absorption.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for captopril. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Exercise caution when changing positions. This is important to include in the teaching because captopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause a drop in blood pressure, leading to dizziness or lightheadedness when changing positions. Monitoring pulse rate (
B) may not be necessary for this medication. Taking a daily potassium supplement (
A) is typically not recommended as captopril can already increase potassium levels. Increasing sodium intake (
C) is counterproductive as it can worsen high blood pressure. Other choices are not directly related to the medication's side effects.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who received a dose of IV morphine for pain. Which of the following vital signs indicates the client is having an adverse reaction to the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Respiratory rate 10/min. A decreased respiratory rate is indicative of respiratory depression, a serious adverse reaction to morphine. Morphine is a central nervous system depressant that can slow down the respiratory drive, leading to hypoventilation and potentially respiratory arrest. In contrast, choices A, B, and C are within normal limits and not specific to morphine adverse effects. A high blood pressure may be seen with pain or anxiety, while a normal temperature and heart rate are not typically affected by morphine.
Therefore, the respiratory rate is the most critical vital sign to monitor for adverse reactions to IV morphine.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer the varicella vaccine to a group of clients. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as having a contraindication for receiving this immunization?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A client who has AIDS. Clients with AIDS have compromised immune systems, making them more vulnerable to potential complications from live vaccines like the varicella vaccine. The live varicella vaccine could lead to serious infections in individuals with weakened immune systems.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: An older adult client living in a long-term care facility - Advanced age alone is not a contraindication for varicella vaccine.
B: A young adult who has an allergy to eggs - The varicella vaccine is not contraindicated in individuals with egg allergies.
C: A child who recently received the human papillomavirus vaccine - There is no contraindication for receiving the varicella vaccine after the HPV vaccine.