ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 IV

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a contributing factor to the client's manifestations?

A. Decreased responsiveness of airways to allergens B. Suppressed bronchiolar inflammatory response C. Acute loss of alveolar elasticity D. Inability to exhale retained carbon dioxide

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Inability to exhale retained CO2 (
D) causes air trapping and hyperinflation in asthma due to bronchoconstriction. Airway responsiveness increases (A is incorrect), inflammation is heightened (B is incorrect), and alveolar elasticity loss (
C) is not acute in asthma.

Question 2 of 5

A nurse is caring for a client who has emphysema. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A. Administer oxygen at 2 L/min. B. Teach the client a breathing exercise with a longer inhalation phase. C. Encourage use of incentive spirometry for 5 min every 2 hr. D. Limit fluid intake to1,000 mL per day.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Low-flow oxygen at 2 L/min (
A) helps maintain adequate oxygenation in emphysema without suppressing respiratory drive. Longer inhalation (
B) is not typical, incentive spirometry duration (
C) is insufficient, and fluid restriction (
D) is not indicated unless specified.

Question 3 of 5

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas report of a client who is in metabolic acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A. pH 7.28 (7.35 to 7.45) B. PaCO2 31 mm Hg (35 to 45 mm Hg) C. HCO3 18 mEq/L (21 to 28 mEq/L) D. PaO2 85 mm Hg (72 to 100 mm Hg)

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A pH of 7.28 (
A) indicates acidosis, consistent with metabolic acidosis (low HCO3). PaCO2 (
B) reflects respiratory compensation, HCO3 (
C) confirms the metabolic cause, and PaO2 (
D) is unrelated to acid-base status.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse is planning care for a client who requires insertion of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

A. Use a 3 mL syringe when flushing the PICC line. B. Flush the PICC line with 0.9% sodium chloride after medication administration. C. Expect the PICC line to be inserted into a lower extremity vein. D. Monitor for a pneumothorax following insertion of the PICC line.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Flushing with 0.9% sodium chloride (
B) maintains PICC patency post-medication. A 10 mL syringe is used (A is incorrect), PICCs are inserted in upper extremities (C is incorrect), and pneumothorax is a risk with central lines, not typically PICCs (
D).

Question 5 of 5

A nurse is caring for a postoperative client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when removing the catheter?

A. Rapidly deflate the balloon before removing the tubing. B. Place the client in the dorsal recumbent position, C. Reinsert the catheter if the client does not void within 1 hr. D. Obtain a sterile urine specimen after catheter removal.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The dorsal recumbent position (
B) facilitates safe catheter removal. Rapid deflation (
A) can cause trauma, reinsertion (
C) is not standard without assessment, and sterile specimens (
D) are collected before removal if needed.

ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 IV | Nurselytic

Nurselytic

ATI RN

ATI RN