Extract:

Question 1 of 5

A nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with schizophrenia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as a negative symptom?

A. Lack of emotionsB. ParanoiaC. ConfusionD. Distorted beliefs

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Lack of emotions, or flat affect, is a negative symptom of schizophrenia, characterized by reduced emotional expression. Paranoia and distorted beliefs (delusions) are positive symptoms, involving added behaviors or beliefs, while confusion is not a specific negative symptom and may result from other factors.

Question 2 of 5

A nurse is educating a group of clients about addiction. The nurse should include that which of the following factors increases the potential for addiction?

A. Medical insurance availability for substance use disorder treatment.B. The developing brain is exposed to substances at an early age.C. The brain already has cognitive deficits that causes it to be vulnerable to addiction.D. Initial use of substances began in adulthood.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Exposure to substances during adolescence, when the brain is still developing, increases addiction risk due to impacts on decision-making and impulse control areas. Insurance availability, cognitive deficits, or adult-onset use are not as directly linked to increased addiction potential.

Question 3 of 5

A nurse is speaking with a client who experienced physical assault. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A. Allow the client to control the conversation.B. Ask the client a series of questions about who assaulted them.C. Insist the client report the incident.D. Touch the client for reassurance.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Allowing the client to control the conversation empowers them to share their experience at their own pace, fostering trust and facilitating open communication. This is particularly important for trauma survivors. Asking detailed questions about the assailant, insisting on reporting, or touching without consent can further traumatize the client or undermine their sense of control.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse is discussing schizophrenia spectrum disorders with a client. The client states, 'My friend says that before I started hearing voices, I stopped hanging out with them. Why is that?' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

A. Before symptoms of schizophrenia begin, people often isolate themselves. This is an early warning.B. That is very interesting. We are not sure why people start to isolate themselves.C. Do you think of yourself as more of an introvert? That makes a difference with how you socialize.D. Were you avoiding your friend so that you could hear the voices more clearly?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Social withdrawal is a common early warning sign of schizophrenia, often occurring before psychotic symptoms like hearing voices. This response provides accurate information, validating the client’s experience and offering insight into the disorder’s progression. Other responses either dismiss the concern, misattribute it to personality, or make unfounded assumptions.

Question 5 of 5

A nurse is caring for a client who is concerned about developing a mental health disorder as a result of their childhood experiences. Which of the following familial characteristics is a protective factor for adverse childhood experiences?

A. Families where caregivers have college degrees or higherB. Children who don't feel close to their guardians and don't feel like they can talk to them about their feelingsC. Families that are isolated from other people, such as extended family, friends, and neighborsD. Families that include young caregivers or single parents

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Caregivers with higher education levels often have better access to resources, knowledge, and support networks, creating a more stable environment that can mitigate adverse childhood experiences. Lack of closeness, social isolation, or young/single caregivers are risk factors, not protective, as they may increase stress or limit support.