ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical 2 Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is being evaluated for endometrial cancer. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect the client to report?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially postmenopausal, is the most common symptom of endometrial cancer. Urinary infections, hot flashes, and blood in stool are unrelated.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for four postoperative patients who each had a total abdominal hysterectomy. Which patient would the nurse assess first upon initial rounding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Two saturated perineal pads in 2 hours suggest excessive bleeding, possibly hemorrhage, requiring immediate assessment. Mild pain, normal vitals, and adequate urine output are less urgent.
Question 3 of 5
Which information obtained by the nurse assessing a patient admitted with multiple myeloma is most important to report to the health care provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevated serum calcium levels (hypercalcemia) are a critical complication of multiple myeloma, risking kidney damage, altered mental status, and cardiac arrhythmias, requiring urgent reporting. Bence-Jones protein and back pain are expected, and constipation, while important, is less urgent.
Question 4 of 5
What is the primary pathophysiological process that occurs in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: DIC involves excessive clotting factor activation, leading to widespread clot formation, consuming clotting factors and platelets, and causing bleeding and organ damage.
Question 5 of 5
A 16-year-old is admitted with sickle cell crisis. The patient has a pain scale rating of 10 and the following vital signs: HR 115, BP 120/82, RR 18, oxygen saturation 91%, temperature 101.4°F. Select all the appropriate nursing interventions for this patient at this time?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E,F
Rationale: All listed interventions are appropriate: removing restrictive clothing promotes comfort, morphine manages severe pain, oxygen addresses low saturation, NPO prepares for potential procedures, IV fluids improve hydration and blood flow, and bed rest conserves energy and reduces complications.