ATI RN
ATI RN Fundamental Proctored Exam With NGN Graded Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is at high risk for aspiration. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Instruct the client to tuck her chin when swallowing. This intervention helps prevent aspiration by closing off the airway during swallowing, reducing the risk of food or liquids entering the lungs. Tucking the chin also helps direct the food or liquid down the esophagus. Giving thin liquids (choice
A) can increase the risk of aspiration. Using a straw (choice
C) may also increase the risk by bypassing the natural protective mechanisms. Encouraging the client to lie down after meals (choice
D) can lead to aspiration due to decreased muscle tone and gravity assisting in food or liquid entering the airway.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing a presentation about basic nutrients for a group of high school athletes. She should explain that which of the following is the body's priority energy reserve?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are the body's priority energy reserve because they are the primary source of energy for the body, especially during high-intensity activities like sports. When consumed, carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is used for immediate energy or stored as glycogen in muscles and the liver for later use. Fat is a long-term energy reserve but is not as readily accessible as carbohydrates for quick energy. Protein is primarily used for building and repairing tissues, not as a main energy source. Glycogen is a stored form of carbohydrates in the body, not the primary energy reserve.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is on a low-residue diet. The nurse should expect to see which of the following foods on the client's meal tray?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Vanilla custard. A low-residue diet aims to minimize fiber intake to reduce the bulk and frequency of bowel movements. Vanilla custard is low in fiber, making it suitable for this diet. Cooked barley (
A) and lentil soup (
D) are high in fiber and not recommended. Pureed broccoli (
B) contains fiber and should be avoided. In summary, vanilla custard is the best choice for a low-residue diet due to its low fiber content compared to the other options.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in a senior center is counseling a group of older adults about their nutritional needs and considerations. Which of the following information should the nurse include? Select all.
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: The correct answer is A, B, and C.
A: Older adults are more prone to dehydration due to age-related physiological changes that decrease the body's ability to conserve water.
B: While older adults generally need the same amount of vitamins and minerals as younger adults, they may require higher amounts of certain nutrients like vitamin D and calcium.
C: Many older men and women may need calcium supplementation to prevent osteoporosis and maintain bone health.
Incorrect choices:
D: Older adults typically need fewer calories as they age due to decreased metabolism and physical activity.
E: There is no specific recommendation for older adults to consume a diet low in carbohydrates, as carbohydrates are an essential energy source.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postop following a total knee arthroplasty. The client states his pain level is a 10 on a scale of 0-10. After reviewing the client's medication administration record, which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Morphine 2 mg IV. Postoperative pain management is crucial for patient comfort and recovery. IV morphine is a potent opioid analgesic that provides quick and effective pain relief. The IV route allows for rapid onset of action, making it suitable for severe pain like in this case. Meperidine (choice
A) is not recommended due to its toxic metabolite accumulation risk. Fentanyl patch (choice
B) has a delayed onset and is not ideal for immediate pain relief. Oxycodone PO (choice
D) is a less potent oral option compared to IV morphine for severe pain.