ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is 12 hr postpartum and has a third-degree perineal laceration. The client reports not having a bowel movement for 4 days. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bisacodyl 10 mg per rectum. This medication is a stimulant laxative that helps stimulate bowel movements and relieve constipation. In this scenario, the client's lack of bowel movement for 4 days postpartum, especially with a third-degree perineal laceration, can lead to discomfort and complications like fecal impaction. Administering a rectal suppository ensures a faster onset of action compared to oral medications.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Magnesium hydroxide is an oral laxative that may take longer to have an effect compared to a rectal suppository.
C: Famotidine is a medication used to reduce stomach acid and is not indicated for constipation.
D: Loperamide is an antidiarrheal medication and would worsen the client's constipation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer the initial dose of penicillin G IM to a client. The nurse should monitor for which of the following as an indication of an allergic reaction following the injection?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Urticaria. Urticaria, also known as hives, is a common symptom of an allergic reaction to penicillin. It presents as raised, red, itchy welts on the skin. Monitoring for urticaria is crucial as it can indicate an immediate hypersensitivity reaction, potentially progressing to anaphylaxis. Bradycardia (
B), pallor (
C), and dyspepsia (
D) are not typical signs of an allergic reaction to penicillin G IM. Bradycardia refers to a slow heart rate, pallor is paleness of the skin, and dyspepsia is indigestion. These symptoms are not specific to an allergic reaction and would not be the primary indicators to monitor for in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has sinusitis and a new prescription for cefuroxime. Which of the following client information is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The client has a history of a severe penicillin allergy. This is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider because cefuroxime belongs to the cephalosporin class of antibiotics, which has a cross-reactivity with penicillin.
Therefore, a client with a severe penicillin allergy may also be allergic to cephalosporins like cefuroxime. This information is crucial for the provider to assess the risk of administering cefuroxime to the client and consider alternative antibiotics to avoid a potentially severe allergic reaction.
Choice A: The client has a BUN of 18 mg/dL - This information is not directly related to the prescription of cefuroxime for sinusitis and does not pose an immediate risk to the client's health in this context.
Choice B: The client takes an aspirin daily - While aspirin use is important to consider for potential drug interactions, it is not as
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for enoxaparin. Which of the following medications for pain relief should the nurse include in the teaching that can be taken concurrently with enoxaparin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Acetaminophen. Acetaminophen is safe to take with enoxaparin as it does not have significant antiplatelet effects or interact with the mechanism of action of enoxaparin. Ibuprofen, Naproxen sodium, and Aspirin are not recommended due to their potential to increase the risk of bleeding when taken with enoxaparin. It is important to avoid medications that can interfere with the blood-thinning effects of enoxaparin. Acetaminophen is the safest option for pain relief in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is consulting a formulary about a client's new prescription for raloxifene. The nurse should identify that this medication is used to treat which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Osteoporosis. Raloxifene is a medication used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women by increasing bone mineral density and reducing the risk of fractures. It is a selective estrogen receptor modulator. The other choices (B, C, D, E, F, G) are incorrect because raloxifene is not indicated for hypothyroidism, urinary tract infection, or any other condition besides osteoporosis. It is important for the nurse to understand the specific indications and mechanisms of action of medications to ensure safe and effective patient care.