ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and a sodium level of 123 mEq/L. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fluid restriction is a key component of managing SIADH to prevent further water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Restricting fluid intake helps to normalize serum sodium levels by allowing excess water to be excreted.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Placing the client on seizure precautions is important as metabolic alkalosis can cause neurological symptoms, such as confusion and increased risk for seizures due to electrolyte imbalances (e.g., low calcium levels).
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication record for a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following medications should the nurse identify as having the potential to cause nephrotoxicity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vancomycin is an antibiotic that can cause nephrotoxicity, especially when administered in high doses or in individuals with impaired renal function. Monitoring renal function is crucial when using vancomycin.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting the medical history from a client who has manifestations of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse should ask the client if he has a history of which of the following conditions that can cause SIADH?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Certain malignancies, particularly lung cancer, can produce ectopic antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or ADH-like substances, leading to SIADH.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has respiratory alkalosis and is hyperventilating. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Having the client breathe into a paper bag helps retain carbon dioxide, which can help reverse respiratory alkalosis by increasing PaCO2 levels and subsequently decreasing pH.