ATI RN
ATI nur330 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has severe burns. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when caring for a client with severe burns?
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Severe burns require pain management with opioid analgesics due to excruciating pain and benzodiazepines to manage anxiety. Cooling with ice water can cause vasoconstriction and worsen tissue damage; tepid water is preferred. Systemic antibiotics are not routine unless infection is present. Laying the bed flat is inappropriate as raising the head helps maintain airway patency.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with a TBI is experiencing increased Intracranial pressure. What position should the nurse place the patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevating the head to 30 degrees with neck midline facilitates venous drainage, reducing ICP. Other positions increase ICP by obstructing venous outflow or increasing cerebral blood flow.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anaphylactic shock in response to the administration of penicillin. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, rapidly reversing airway constriction, hypotension, and swelling. Other medications are not initial treatments.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing education to a client who has a newly diagnosed abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An AAA is defined as a dilation of the aorta exceeding 30 mm. It results from weakened, not thickened, walls, occurs below the renal arteries, and high blood pressure increases rupture risk.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a community education course about the physical complications related to substance use disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the primary cause of liver cirrhosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chronic alcohol use is the most common cause of liver cirrhosis due to liver cell damage and fibrosis. Cocaine, inhalants, and caffeine are not primary causes.