ATI RN
ATI RN Custom Med Surg Surgical patient Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has recurrent kidney stones and a history of diabetes mellitus. The client is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). What statements made by the client should the nurse collect additional data about?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Painful urination may indicate UTI or stone passage, requiring further assessment before IVP. NPO status, laxative use, and metformin are expected or less urgent.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who has acute kidney injury. The patient's ABGs are: pH: 7.26, PaCO2: 30 mm Hg, HCO3: 14 mEq/L. Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify the patient is experiencing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Low pH (7.26), low HCO3 (14 mEq/L), and low PaCO2 (30 mm Hg) indicate metabolic acidosis, common in kidney injury due to acid accumulation. Other imbalances do not match these values.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with new third-degree burns over 60% of the body is confused and presents with a blood pressure of 79/56 mm Hg, heart rate of 132 beats/min, and respirations of 28 breaths/min with crackles on auscultation. The patient's body temperature is 76° F, and the skin is pale and clammy. Which stage of shock is this patient experiencing?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Early reversible shock is indicated by moderate hypotension, tachycardia, and compensatory signs like confusion and crackles. Irreversible shock involves profound organ failure, end-organ dysfunction more severe signs, and preshock normal BP.
Question 4 of 5
During a shift change report, a nurse notices that a patient's IV bag of 0.9% sodium chloride has 900 mL of fluid remaining. The nurse checks again 30 minutes later and finds that the IV bag is empty. What should the nurse do in this situation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Checking respiratory rate and lung sounds assesses for fluid overload from rapid infusion. NPO status, head elevation, and temperature measurement are less relevant.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of newly licensed nurses about preventing needlestick injuries. Which of the following actions should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Placing uncapped needles in puncture-proof containers prevents needlestick injuries. Recapping, discarding in wastebaskets, or breaking needles increases injury risk.