ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has impaired renal function. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oliguria (175 mL/8 hr) suggests worsening renal function, requiring notification. Strong odor, normal output, and cloudy urine are less urgent.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who reports to the clinic for laboratory tests. The client has an acute kidney injury caused by acute tubular necrosis and asks why their glomerular filtration rate (GFR) keeps decreasing. Which of the following pathophysiological changes occurring in the kidney should the nurse explain as the cause of the decrease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In acute tubular necrosis, tubular cell injury impairs reabsorption, reducing GFR. Obstruction, inflammation, and reduced blood flow are less primary causes.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in a public clinic is researching health data on culturally diverse populations in the community. Which of the following population groups should the nurse anticipate having end-stage renal disease (ESRD) due to diabetes mellitus?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Black Americans have higher ESRD rates due to diabetes, driven by higher diabetes and hypertension prevalence.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is admitting a client who has pyelonephritis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to be present during the assessment? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,D,E,F
Rationale: Lower abdominal pain (
B), fishy urine odor (
D), mental confusion (E), and weak urine stream (F) are pyelonephritis symptoms. Frothy urine and hypertension are unrelated.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney failure about planning a low-protein diet. The client asks, 'Why do I have to be concerned about protein?' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A low-protein diet reduces uremia by limiting waste buildup. It does not directly affect hyperkalemia, edema, or nitrogenous waste as primarily.