ATI RN
ATI RN Custom Med Surg Surgical patient Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and respiratory arrest. What should be the nurse's first action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Establishing an open airway is critical in respiratory arrest to restore oxygenation. Auscultation, IV access, and pulse checks are secondary to ensuring airway patency.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is analyzing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of a patient. The patient's ABGs are: pH:7.6, PaCO2:40 mm Hg, HCO3:32 mEq/L. Which of the following acid-base conditions should the nurse identify the patient is experiencing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High pH (7.6) and elevated HCO3 (32 mEq/L) with normal PaCO2 indicate metabolic alkalosis. Respiratory acidosis has low pH, respiratory alkalosis low PaCO2, and metabolic acidosis low HCO3.
Question 3 of 5
A medical-surgical unit has implemented a policy change. The nurse manager notices that one of the nurses, who has a history of being resistant to change, is not delivering care according to the new policy. What action should the nurse manager take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging the nurse to verbalize resistance helps identify underlying concerns, fostering collaboration and trust. Explaining rationale assumes misunderstanding, disciplinary threats create hostility, and ignoring resistance is ineffective.
Question 4 of 5
A male patient informs the nurse that he prefers not to have female assistive personnel (AP) involved in his care. Which response should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Arranging a male AP respects patient autonomy, promotes comfort, and ensures privacy. Asking for reasons may be intrusive, emphasizing competence dismisses concerns, and deferring to the charge nurse delays action.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who has acute kidney injury. The patient's ABGs are: pH: 7.26, PaCO2: 30 mm Hg, HCO3: 14 mEq/L. Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify the patient is experiencing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Low pH (7.26), low HCO3 (14 mEq/L), and low PaCO2 (30 mm Hg) indicate metabolic acidosis, common in kidney injury due to acid accumulation. Other imbalances do not match these values.