ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and a new prescription for furosemide. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypokalemia. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause potassium loss through increased urine output. This can lead to hypokalemia, which can be dangerous in a client with heart failure as it can worsen cardiac function and lead to arrhythmias. The nurse should monitor the client's potassium levels regularly to prevent this adverse effect.
Summary of other choices:
B: Hyperkalemia - Furosemide does not typically cause hyperkalemia.
C: Hypernatremia - Furosemide is a diuretic that can lead to sodium loss, not hypernatremia.
D: Hypertension - Furosemide is actually used to treat hypertension, so it is not an adverse effect of the medication in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of essential hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings that is consistent with this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vertigo. Essential hypertension can cause vertigo due to increased pressure in the blood vessels supplying the inner ear. Vertigo is a common symptom of hypertension. Fatigue (
B) is a non-specific symptom seen in many conditions. Excessive thirst (
C) and frequent urination (
D) are more indicative of diabetes mellitus rather than essential hypertension.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is postoperative following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and is receiving opioid medications to manage discomfort. Aside from managing pain, which of the following desired effects of medications should the nurse identify as most important for the client's recovery?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: It facilitates the client's deep breathing. Postoperative clients following CABG surgery are at risk for developing atelectasis due to decreased lung expansion. Opioid medications can cause respiratory depression, leading to shallow breathing. By facilitating deep breathing, the nurse helps prevent atelectasis and promotes optimal oxygenation, aiding in the client's recovery.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to the immediate physiological needs of a postoperative CABG client. Increasing appetite, promoting wound healing, and decreasing anxiety are important aspects of overall recovery but are not as critical as ensuring proper oxygenation and preventing respiratory complications in the immediate postoperative period.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning a teaching session about hysterosalpingography for a client who has a diagnosis of infertility. The nurse should include which of the following information in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: The client might experience shoulder pain following the procedure. This is because hysterosalpingography involves the injection of contrast dye into the uterus and fallopian tubes, which can cause referred pain to the shoulder due to irritation of the diaphragm. This information is crucial for the client to be aware of potential side effects.
The other choices are incorrect:
B: The client might experience nausea and vomiting after the procedure - This is not a common side effect of hysterosalpingography.
C: The client will need to stay in bed for 24 hours post-procedure - There is no requirement for prolonged bed rest after the procedure.
D: The client should avoid drinking fluids before the procedure - In fact, it is recommended to drink plenty of fluids before the procedure to help flush out the contrast dye.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about the purpose of a CA 125 test. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A CA 125 test is used to monitor a client's progress during treatment of ovarian cancer. This is because CA 125 is a biomarker that is commonly elevated in ovarian cancer patients. Monitoring CA 125 levels helps healthcare providers assess the effectiveness of treatment and detect any recurrence of the disease.
Choice B is incorrect because a CA 125 test is not used to detect pregnancy.
Choice C is incorrect because a CA 125 test is not used to diagnose cervical cancer; it is primarily associated with ovarian cancer.
Choice D is incorrect because a CA 125 test is not used to screen for prostate cancer; it is specific to ovarian cancer.