ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions Correct Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure. Drag words from the choices below to fill in each blank in the following sentence. The client is at risk for developing _________ and_________ Word choices: dysrhythmias, respiratory alkalosis, acute kidney injury, fluid volume
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dysrhythmias. In heart failure, the reduced cardiac output can lead to inadequate perfusion, causing the heart to work harder, increasing the risk of dysrhythmias. Dysrhythmias are common in heart failure due to changes in the heart's structure and function. Respiratory alkalosis is less likely in heart failure as it is more commonly associated with conditions like hyperventilation. Acute kidney injury can occur in heart failure due to poor perfusion, but it is not directly related to the risk stated. Fluid volume deficit is not the typical risk in heart failure as patients usually have fluid retention.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has skeletal traction applied to the left leg. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Provide the client with a trapeze bar. This is essential for the client in skeletal traction to independently move and reposition themselves safely without putting additional stress on the affected leg. Using elbows (
A) can disrupt the traction. Removing weights (
B) can lead to complications. Checking pressure points (
C) is important but not specific to this situation. The trapeze bar (
D) promotes client independence and safety.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients who are 12 hr postoperative. The nurse should identify that the client who had which of the following procedures is at risk for developing fat embolism syndrome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Internal fixation of a fractured hip. Fat embolism syndrome (FES) typically occurs in long bone fractures or orthopedic surgeries like hip fixation due to fat droplets entering the bloodstream. These fat droplets can travel to the lungs, brain, and other organs, causing respiratory distress, neurological symptoms, and petechial rash. In contrast, choices A, B, and D are not associated with a high risk of FES. Thyroidectomy involves removal of the thyroid gland, repair of torn rotator cuff involves shoulder surgery, and tympanoplasty involves repairing the eardrum, none of which typically lead to fat embolism.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C. Increase water intake and use bulk-forming laxatives.
Rationale: Increasing water intake helps soften stool, easing constipation in IBS-C. Bulk-forming laxatives add fiber to stool, improving bowel movements. Stimulant laxatives (
A) can lead to dependency. Avoiding fiber-rich foods (
B) worsens constipation. A low-carbohydrate diet (
D) may exacerbate constipation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of right-sided heart failure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased abdominal girth. In right-sided heart failure, the heart is unable to effectively pump blood to the lungs for oxygenation, causing blood to back up into the systemic circulation. This leads to fluid retention, particularly in the lower extremities and abdomen, resulting in increased abdominal girth. Crackles in the lungs (
A) are indicative of left-sided heart failure due to pulmonary congestion. Pink frothy sputum (
C) is associated with pulmonary edema, a sign of left-sided heart failure. Hypertension (
D) is not typically associated with right-sided heart failure, as it is more commonly seen in conditions like systemic hypertension.