ATI RN
ATI Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam B Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A blood glucose level of 250 mg/dL or higher is expected in diabetic ketoacidosis (DK
A), a complication of diabetes characterized by hyperglycemia, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis due to insulin deficiency.
Choice B is wrong because DKA is associated with a low pH (typically <7.3), indicating acidosis, not a normal pH of 7.45.
Choice C is wrong because ketones are present in the urine in DKA due to fat breakdown from insulin deficiency, not absent.
Choice D is wrong because bicarbonate levels are low in DKA (typically <18 mEq/L) due to buffering of excess hydrogen ions in metabolic acidosis, not normal at 22 mEq/L.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has adrenal insufficiency. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperkalemia is expected in adrenal insufficiency (e.g., Addison's disease) due to decreased aldosterone production, which impairs potassium excretion by the kidneys.
Choice A is incorrect because adrenal insufficiency typically causes hypotension due to reduced cortisol and aldosterone, not hypertension.
Choice C is incorrect because weight loss, not weight gain, is common due to decreased appetite and fluid loss.
Choice D is incorrect because fever is not a primary feature unless there is an underlying infection or adrenal crisis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for methylergonovine to treat postpartum hemorrhage. Which of the following conditions should the nurse include as a contraindication for this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Methylergonovine is a medication that causes uterine contractions to control postpartum hemorrhage. It is contraindicated in clients with hypertension because it can cause vasoconstriction and elevate blood pressure, increasing the risk of stroke or heart attack.
Choice B is wrong because migraine headaches are not a contraindication for methylergonovine, although the medication may exacerbate headaches in some clients.
Choice C is wrong because asthma is not a contraindication for methylergonovine, as it does not affect the respiratory system directly.
Choice D is wrong because diabetes mellitus is not a contraindication for methylergonovine, as it does not affect blood glucose levels or insulin requirements.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a new diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Recurrent, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) are a hallmark symptom of OCD, driving compulsive behaviors to alleviate anxiety caused by these thoughts.
Choice B is incorrect because euphoria is not associated with OCD; clients typically experience anxiety or distress.
Choice C is incorrect because OCD often causes insomnia due to anxiety or compulsive behaviors, not an increased need for sleep.
Choice D is incorrect because weight gain is not a primary feature; weight changes may occur secondary to medication or stress.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a new diagnosis of alcohol use disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tremors are a common finding in alcohol use disorder, especially during withdrawal, due to central nervous system hyperexcitability from chronic alcohol suppression.
Choice A is incorrect because hyperglycemia, not hypoglycemia, may occur due to alcohol's effect on liver glycogenolysis.
Choice C is incorrect because hypertension, not hypotension, is more common, especially during withdrawal or chronic use.
Choice D is incorrect because weight loss, not weight gain, is typical due to poor nutrition and increased metabolic demand.