ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis of the liver and is receiving spironolactone. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is responding to the treatment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased ascites. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic commonly used in cirrhosis to manage ascites by promoting diuresis and reducing fluid accumulation in the abdomen.
Therefore, a decrease in ascites would indicate that the client is responding to the treatment. Increased energy (
A) and increased appetite (
D) are not specific indicators of treatment response in cirrhosis. Decreased jaundice (
B) may improve with liver function but is not a direct response to spironolactone.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for rifampin. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Rifampin can cause a harmless side effect of turning urine, saliva, sweat, and tears orange. This is important for the client to be aware of to prevent unnecessary worry or concern.
Choice A is incorrect because rifampin can reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
Choice B is incorrect as rifampin is usually taken on an empty stomach.
Choice C is incorrect as wearing soft contact lenses is not recommended due to the potential for discoloration.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Elevated hematocrit level. In fluid volume deficit, there is a decrease in fluid volume in the body leading to increased concentration of red blood cells, resulting in an elevated hematocrit level. This occurs because the body is trying to compensate for the decreased fluid volume by increasing the concentration of red blood cells in the blood.
Weight gain (
A) is a sign of fluid volume excess, not deficit. Distended neck veins (
B) are a sign of fluid volume overload, typically seen in heart failure. Shortness of breath (
C) is a common symptom of heart failure but not specific to fluid volume deficit.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has anxiety and is taking buspirone. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bradycardia. Buspirone, a medication used to treat anxiety, can cause bradycardia as an adverse effect by lowering heart rate. This occurs due to its action on the central nervous system. Hypoglycemia (choice
A), hypothermia (choice
C), and hypokalemia (choice
D) are not typically associated with buspirone use. Bradycardia is the most common cardiovascular side effect of buspirone, making it the correct choice.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking warfarin. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Melena. Melena indicates gastrointestinal bleeding, a serious side effect of warfarin. It can lead to life-threatening complications such as hemorrhage. The nurse should report this finding immediately to the provider for prompt evaluation and intervention to prevent further harm to the client.
A: Fever may indicate an infection but is not directly related to warfarin therapy.
B: Abdominal cramping can be a common side effect of warfarin but is not as urgent as melena.
C: Hair loss is not a common side effect of warfarin and is not as concerning as melena.
In summary, melena is the priority finding to report because it suggests a severe and potentially life-threatening complication of warfarin therapy, while the other options are either less urgent or unrelated to warfarin side effects.