ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 retake 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis of the liver and is receiving spironolactone. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is responding to the treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decreased ascites. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic commonly used in liver cirrhosis to reduce fluid retention and ascites. A decrease in ascites indicates that the medication is effectively reducing fluid accumulation in the abdomen, a key goal in managing cirrhosis. Increased energy (choice
A) and increased appetite (choice
C) are not directly related to the medication's action on fluid retention. Decreased jaundice (choice
D) may indicate improved liver function but is not a specific response to spironolactone in treating ascites.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking warfarin and reports taking several new herbal supplements. The nurse should identify that which of the following supplements is contraindicated for concurrent use with warfarin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ginkgo biloba. Ginkgo biloba is contraindicated with warfarin due to its potential to increase bleeding risk by inhibiting platelet aggregation and interfering with clotting mechanisms. Ginkgo biloba can potentiate the anticoagulant effects of warfarin, leading to an increased risk of bleeding. Valerian (
B), Coenzyme Q10 (
C), and Probiotics (
D) do not have significant interactions with warfarin. Valerian may cause drowsiness, Coenzyme Q10 is a supplement that supports heart health, and probiotics are beneficial for gut health.
Therefore, Ginkgo biloba is the correct answer due to its potential to interact with warfarin and increase bleeding risk.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer cefazolin 1 g in 0.9% sodium chloride 100 mL via intermittent IV bolus over 30 min. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 15 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 50 gtt/min.
To calculate the IV infusion rate, we need to determine the total volume to be infused over 30 minutes. The total volume to be infused is 100 mL. Convert the volume to drops by multiplying it by the drop factor (100 mL x 15 gtt/mL = 1500 gtt).
To find the rate in gtt/min, divide the total volume by the time in minutes (1500 gtt ÷ 30 min = 50 gtt/min). Setting the manual IV infusion to deliver 50 gtt/min ensures the cefazolin is administered correctly. Other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the correct calculation process or result in different infusion rates.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing an educational training session about collaborating with the provider to prevent medication errors. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Providers should cosign all verbal prescriptions. This is important to ensure accountability and double-check accuracy, reducing medication errors.
Choice A is incorrect because reading back prescriptions is necessary for all medications, not just high alert ones.
Choice C is incorrect as assistive personnel should not serve as witnesses for verbal prescriptions.
Choice D is incorrect because safe abbreviations should be used by all healthcare professionals, not just providers.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is administering naloxone to a client who is experiencing opioid toxicity. Following administration of the medication, which of the following should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Breath sounds. Assessing breath sounds is crucial after administering naloxone as it can cause sudden withdrawal symptoms such as respiratory depression. Monitoring the client's ability to breathe effectively is a priority to prevent respiratory distress or failure. Blood pressure, pain level, and heart rate are important assessments but not as immediate as ensuring adequate ventilation. It is essential to prioritize airway management and respiratory status in a client with opioid toxicity.