ATI RN
RN ATI Adult Medsurg Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic venous insufficiency. Which of the following areas should the nurse assess for the presence of a venous ulcer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Medial malleolus (ankle). Venous ulcers commonly occur in areas where there is poor circulation, such as the lower legs. The medial malleolus is a common site for venous ulcers in individuals with chronic venous insufficiency due to pooling of blood in the lower extremities. Assessing this area is crucial for early detection and appropriate management.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as venous ulcers typically develop in areas with high venous pressure and poor circulation, such as the lower legs, not at the tip of the toes, ball of the foot, or heel.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about preventing the transmission of HIV. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Medication is available that will reduce the risk for HIV transmission. This is correct because antiretroviral therapy can significantly reduce the viral load in individuals living with HIV, making them less likely to transmit the virus to others. Option A is incorrect as asymptomatic individuals can also transmit HIV. Option C is incorrect as HIV is not spread through casual contact like sharing utensils. Option D is incorrect as handwashing is important for general hygiene but does not specifically prevent HIV transmission.
Question 3 of 5
An emergency room nurse is assessing a client who has asthma and difficulty breathing. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing status asthmaticus?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Use of accessory muscles. In status asthmaticus, a severe and life-threatening asthma exacerbation, the client's airways are severely constricted, leading to inadequate air exchange. The use of accessory muscles (such as intercostal and supraclavicular muscles) indicates significant respiratory distress as the body tries to compensate for the difficulty in breathing. Mild wheezing (choice
A) may be present in asthma but does not necessarily indicate status asthmaticus. Decreased respiratory rate (choice
C) is not consistent with the increased respiratory effort seen in status asthmaticus. Productive cough (choice
D) is more indicative of conditions such as bronchitis or pneumonia, not necessarily status asthmaticus.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about self-management of their halo fixator device. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Place a small pillow under the head while lying supine. This is important to prevent hyperextension of the neck while lying down, ensuring proper alignment and comfort. Removing the vest (
B) compromises stability. Applying lotion (
C) can cause skin breakdown. Adjusting screws (
D) without proper training can lead to complications.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse notes that a clients eyes are protruding slightly from their orbits. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should expect increased T4 levels in a client with slightly protruding eyes, known as exophthalmos, as it is a classic sign of hyperthyroidism, where the thyroid gland is overactive. Thyroid hormones, such as T4, are responsible for regulating metabolism, and elevated levels can lead to symptoms like exophthalmos. Decreased TSH levels (choice
A) would actually be seen in primary hyperthyroidism due to negative feedback. Elevated calcium levels (choice
C) are more indicative of hyperparathyroidism. Low hemoglobin levels (choice
D) are not typically associated with exophthalmos or hyperthyroidism.