ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 10 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD) and states she has heartburn. The provider prescribes aluminum hydroxide. The client asks, 'Why can't I just take the antacid magaldrate my husband has at home?' The nurse explains to the client that aluminum hydroxide is the preferred antacid because it lowers which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aluminum hydroxide is preferred because it binds to dietary phosphate, reducing serum phosphorus levels in patients with chronic kidney disease who are prone to hyperphosphatemia.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas results for a client in the ICU who has kidney failure and determines the client has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis can lead to electrolyte imbalances, particularly hyperkalemia, which can manifest as widened QRS complexes on an electrocardiogram (ECG).
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. For which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Metabolic alkalosis can lead to potassium depletion causing muscle weakness, decreased calcium ionization causing circumoral paresthesia, and cerebral vasoconstriction causing dizziness.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is 2 weeks postoperative following a kidney transplant. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as possible organ rejection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oliguria or decreased urine output can be a sign of organ rejection post kidney transplant due to decreased renal perfusion.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has Addison's disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Teaching the parents about cortical replacement therapy is crucial. Addison's disease results from adrenal insufficiency, and cortical replacement therapy, typically with glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, is the mainstay of treatment.