ATI RN
ATI RN Fundamentals 2023 Exam 5 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a traumatic brain injury and needs to relearn how to use eating utensils. The nurse should refer the client to which of the following members of the interprofessional team?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Physical therapists primarily focus on improving a patient's physical function, mobility, and strength. They work on activities such as walking, balance, and coordination. While they play a crucial role in the rehabilitation of clients with traumatic brain injuries, their expertise is not specifically centered on activities of daily living (ADLs) like using eating utensils. Occupational therapists specialize in helping clients regain the ability to perform ADLs, which include tasks such as eating, dressing, and bathing. They use therapeutic techniques to improve fine motor skills, coordination, and cognitive function, which are essential for relearning how to use eating utensils. Their goal is to enhance the client's independence and quality of life by enabling them to perform everyday activities. Speech-language pathologists focus on communication disorders and swallowing difficulties. They work with clients to improve speech, language, and cognitive-communication skills. While they are essential for addressing issues related to speech and swallowing, they do not typically focus on the motor skills required for using eating utensils. Social workers provide support and resources to help clients and their families cope with the emotional, social, and financial aspects of a traumatic brain injury. They assist with discharge planning, accessing community resources, and providing counseling. However, they do not provide direct rehabilitation services related to the use of eating utensils.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client's abdomen. In what order should the nurse complete the steps of the assessment? (Move the steps into the box on the right, placing them in the order of performance. Use all the steps.)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Inspection (
A) comes first to observe visually, followed by auscultation (
B) to avoid altering bowel sounds, then percussion (
C) to assess underlying structures, light palpation (
D) to check tenderness, and deep palpation (E) to assess deeper structures like the aorta.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who received morphine for severe pain 30 minutes ago. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While it is important to monitor bowel movements, especially since opioids like morphine can cause constipation, this is not the immediate priority. Opioid-induced constipation is a common side effect due to decreased gastrointestinal motility. However, it does not pose an immediate life-threatening risk compared to respiratory depression. A respiratory rate of 7 breaths per minute is significantly below the normal range for adults, which is typically 12-20 breaths per minute. This indicates severe respiratory depression, a known and potentially fatal side effect of morphine. Immediate intervention is required to ensure the patient's airway is maintained and to prevent respiratory arrest. Although the client reporting a pain level of 8 out of 10 indicates that the pain is not adequately controlled, this is not the most urgent concern compared to respiratory depression. Pain management is crucial, but ensuring the patient's respiratory function takes precedence. A distended bladder can be a side effect of morphine due to urinary retention. While this needs to be addressed to prevent discomfort and potential complications, it is not as critical as managing a severely low respiratory rate.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has tuberculosis. The nurse should anticipate which isolation precautions for the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Airborne precautions are necessary for clients with tuberculosis (T
B) because TB is an airborne disease. It is transmitted through tiny droplets released into the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. These precautions include placing the client in a negative pressure room, using N95 respirators for healthcare workers, and ensuring the client wears a surgical mask when outside their room. These measures help prevent the spread of TB to others. Protective precautions, also known as reverse isolation, are used to protect immunocompromised patients from infections. These precautions are not appropriate for a client with TB, as the primary concern is preventing the spread of TB from the infected client to others, not protecting the client from external infections. Contact precautions are used for infections that are spread by direct or indirect contact with the patient or their environment, such as MRSA or C. difficile. TB is not spread through contact but through airborne particles, so contact precautions are not sufficient for preventing the transmission of TB. Droplet precautions are used for diseases that are spread through large respiratory droplets, such as influenza or pertussis. While TB is a respiratory disease, it is spread through much smaller airborne particles that can remain suspended in the air for longer periods, making airborne precautions necessary instead of droplet precautions.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer cefoxitin 80 mg/kg/day IV every 6 hours to a 6 year-old child who weighs 20 kg. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 400
Rationale:
Step 1: Calculate the total daily dosage in mg. 80 mg/kg/day × 20 kg = 1600 mg/day.
Step 2: Determine the number of doses per day. 24 hours ÷ 6 hours = 4 doses/day.
Step 3: Calculate the dosage per dose. 1600 mg/day ÷ 4 doses/day = 400 mg/dose. The nurse should administer 400 mg per dose.