ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a respiratory infection and is receiving an antibiotic. Which of the following medications puts the client at risk for developing hearing loss?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Gentamicin. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic known to cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing loss. The medication affects the inner ear's hair cells, resulting in irreversible damage. Rifampin (
A), Ciprofloxacin (
B), and Penicillin G (
C) are not associated with ototoxicity. In summary, Gentamicin (
D) is the only medication in the choices that poses a risk for hearing loss due to its ototoxic effects on the inner ear.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a guardian of a school-age child who has a new prescription for a fluticasone metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (SATA)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C, D, E
Rationale:
C: Shake the device prior to administration - Shaking the inhaler ensures proper mixing of the medication for effective delivery to the lungs.
D: A spacer will make it easier to use the device - A spacer helps improve medication delivery by ensuring more of the medication reaches the lungs rather than the mouth or throat.
E: - Additional information may include the importance of proper inhaler technique, how to clean the device, how to monitor for side effects, and when to seek medical help.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Soak the inhaler in water after use - Soaking the inhaler in water can damage the device and affect the medication's effectiveness.
B: Have your child take one inhalation as needed for shortness of breath - The prescription likely specifies a specific dosing regimen that should be followed, rather than using the inhaler as needed.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride elixir 20 mEq/day PO to divide equally every 12 hr. Available is 6.7 mEq/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to the nearest tenth.)
Correct Answer: 7.5
Rationale: The correct answer is 7.5 mL.
To determine this, first calculate the total daily dose: 20 mEq/day ÷ 2 doses/day = 10 mEq/dose. Next, find the mL per dose using the available concentration: 10 mEq ÷ 6.7 mEq/5 mL = 7.46 mL, which rounds to 7.5 mL. This ensures the patient receives the correct dose of potassium chloride elixir. Other choices are incorrect because they do not follow the correct calculation or rounding process, leading to potential under or overdosing.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is instructing a client who has a new prescription for a daily dose of lovastatin extended-release. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: You will need liver function tests before beginning therapy. This is important because lovastatin, a statin medication, can potentially cause liver damage. Liver function tests are necessary to monitor for any signs of liver toxicity.
Choice B is incorrect because there is no specific interaction between lovastatin and dairy products.
Choice C is incorrect as lovastatin extended-release should not be crushed as it may affect its effectiveness.
Choice D is incorrect as there is no specific time of the day required to take lovastatin.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a peripheral IV infusion and notes infiltration of fluid into the tissue surrounding the insertion site. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to elevate the extremity. Elevating the extremity above the level of the heart helps to reduce swelling and prevent further fluid infiltration into the surrounding tissue. This promotes proper circulation and limits potential complications. Flushing the IV catheter (choice
A) would not address the infiltration issue. Applying pressure to the IV site (choice
B) could cause further damage to the tissue. Slowing the infusion rate (choice
D) may not be sufficient to prevent further infiltration.