ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a respiratory infection and is receiving an antibiotic. Which of the following medications puts the client at risk for developing hearing loss?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Gentamicin. Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic known to cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing loss. It affects the sensory cells in the inner ear. Rifampin (
A) does not typically cause hearing loss. Ciprofloxacin (
B) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is not associated with hearing loss. Penicillin G (
C) is a beta-lactam antibiotic and does not pose a risk for hearing loss. In summary, Gentamicin is the correct answer due to its known ototoxic effects, while the other choices do not carry the same risk.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer medication to an older adult client who has dysphagia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Mixing the medications with a semisolid food for the client with dysphagia helps prevent choking or aspiration. This method makes it easier for the client to swallow the medication safely. Tilt the client's head back (
A) can lead to aspiration. Administering more than one pill at a time (
C) can increase the risk of choking. Placing medications on the back of the tongue (
D) can also trigger the gag reflex and increase the risk of aspiration.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who is taking atorvastatin. Which of the following laboratory values indicates the treatment has been effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: LDL 120 mg/dL. Atorvastatin is a statin medication used to lower LDL cholesterol levels. An LDL value of 120 mg/dL indicates a reduction in LDL levels, demonstrating the effectiveness of the treatment in managing cholesterol. The other options, A, B, and C, do not directly reflect the effectiveness of atorvastatin in lowering cholesterol. BUN measures kidney function, blood glucose levels reflect blood sugar control, and urine specific gravity indicates the concentration of urine. These values are not specific to evaluating the efficacy of atorvastatin in lowering LDL cholesterol levels.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer the initial dose of penicillin G IM to a client. The nurse should monitor for which of the following as an indication of an allergic reaction following the injection?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Urticaria. Urticaria, also known as hives, is a common symptom of an allergic reaction to penicillin. It presents as raised, red, itchy welts on the skin. Monitoring for urticaria is crucial as it can indicate an immediate hypersensitivity reaction, potentially progressing to anaphylaxis. Bradycardia (
B), pallor (
C), and dyspepsia (
D) are not typical signs of an allergic reaction to penicillin G IM. Bradycardia refers to a slow heart rate, pallor is paleness of the skin, and dyspepsia is indigestion. These symptoms are not specific to an allergic reaction and would not be the primary indicators to monitor for in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse Is evaluating the laboratory results of four clents. The nurse should report which of the following laboratory results should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. An aPTT of 90 seconds is above the therapeutic range (30-40 seconds) for a client on heparin, indicating a risk of bleeding due to excessive anticoagulation. The nurse should report this to the provider for further evaluation and potential adjustment of the heparin dosage to ensure the client's safety.
Choice B is incorrect as an aPTT of 65 seconds falls within the therapeutic range for heparin, so it does not require immediate reporting.
Choices C and D are related to warfarin therapy, not heparin. An INR of 3.0 in choice C is above the therapeutic range (0.8-1.1) and requires reporting, as it indicates a risk of bleeding. An INR of 2.0 in choice D is within the therapeutic range and does not need immediate reporting.
In summary, the nurse should report the laboratory result in choice A because it indicates a