ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for epoetin alfa. Which of the following routes should the nurse plan to use for administration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Subcutaneous. Epoetin alfa is a medication commonly administered subcutaneously to stimulate red blood cell production. Subcutaneous route allows for slow and consistent absorption. Oral administration is not suitable as the medication would be destroyed in the digestive system. Transdermal and intranasal routes are not appropriate for epoetin alfa.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer medications to a client who weighs 198 lb. The prescription reads, 'filgrastim 5 mcg/kg, subcutaneous, daily.' Available is filgrastim 300 mcg/mL. How many mL should the nurse plan to give with each dose?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the dose of filgrastim, we first need to convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms. 198 lb is approximately 89.9 kg.
Then, we multiply the weight by the prescribed dose (5 mcg/kg) to get the total dose required, which is 449.5 mcg. Next, we divide the total dose by the concentration of the available filgrastim (300 mcg/mL) to find the volume needed, which is 1.5 mL.
Therefore, the correct answer is A.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not match the calculated dose based on the client's weight and the prescribed dosage of filgrastim.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a female client who asks about a prescription for alendronate for the treatment of osteoporosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a safety risk for the client when taking this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Immobility restricting the client to a supine position is a safety risk when taking alendronate because it can increase the risk of esophageal irritation and ulceration due to difficulty swallowing pills and maintaining an upright position after taking the medication. This can lead to serious complications such as esophagitis or esophageal ulcers.
Choice A (first-degree relative with Paget's disease) is incorrect as it is not directly related to the safety of taking alendronate.
Choice C (history of anaphylaxis following a bee sting) is also incorrect as it does not pose a direct risk when taking alendronate.
Choice D (postmenopausal) is a common indication for alendronate use and not a safety risk in itself.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent who is receiving treatment for burns and is requesting medication for pain. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask to determine the quality of the adolescent's pain?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Can you describe what your pain feels like? This question is crucial in determining the quality of pain, as it helps the nurse understand the characteristics of the pain (e.g., sharp, dull, burning). Understanding the quality of pain can provide valuable information for the nurse to identify potential causes and tailor appropriate pain management strategies.
Choice A is incorrect because pointing to the area of severe pain indicates location, not quality.
Choice B focuses on the timing of pain escalation, not quality.
Choice C assesses pain intensity on a numerical scale, not quality.
In summary, asking the adolescent to describe the pain sensation (choice
D) helps the nurse gain insights into the nature of the pain, which is essential for effective pain management.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who was prescribed phenytoin. Which of the following adverse effects of this medication should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ataxia. Phenytoin is an antiepileptic medication that can cause ataxia, which is a condition characterized by loss of coordination and unsteady movements. Ataxia can be a sign of toxicity and requires immediate attention from the provider to adjust the dosage or consider alternative treatments.
A: Gingival hyperplasia is a common side effect of phenytoin but is not typically considered an urgent issue requiring immediate provider notification.
B: Drowsiness is a common side effect of phenytoin and may not necessarily indicate toxicity.
D: Hirsutism, or abnormal hair growth, is not typically associated with phenytoin use and is not a known adverse effect of the medication.
Therefore, the nurse should report ataxia to the provider as it may indicate a serious problem with the medication.