ATI RN
RN ATI Adult Medsurg Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for lactated Ringers by continuous IV infusion to replace output from an NG tube. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that this therapy is effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urine specific gravity 1.020. This finding indicates that the kidneys are effectively concentrating urine, which means fluid balance is being maintained. A specific gravity of 1.020 is within the normal range, suggesting adequate hydration. A high specific gravity like 1.035 (choice
A) indicates dehydration. Decreased skin turgor (choice
C) and dry mucous membranes (choice
D) are signs of dehydration, not effectiveness of therapy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is 3 hr postoperative and exhibiting signs of hypovolemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of hypovolemia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Rapid pulse rate. Following surgery, hypovolemia can occur due to fluid loss. A rapid pulse rate is a common manifestation of hypovolemia as the body compensates for decreased blood volume by increasing heart rate to maintain perfusion. Bradycardia (
B) is unlikely with hypovolemia as the body tries to increase cardiac output. Hypertension (
C) is not typical in hypovolemia as blood pressure tends to decrease. Peripheral edema (
D) is associated with fluid overload, not hypovolemia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has tuberculosis. Which of the following precautions should the nurse implement for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Airborne precautions. Tuberculosis is spread through the air via droplet nuclei. Implementing airborne precautions involves placing the client in a negative pressure room, using an N95 respirator, and ensuring proper ventilation. Standard precautions (
A) are used for all clients. Contact precautions (
C) are used for clients with infections that can be spread by direct or indirect contact. Droplet precautions (
D) are used for infections spread through larger respiratory droplets. In this case, airborne precautions are specifically needed due to the mode of transmission of tuberculosis.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is analyzing the ABG results of a client who is in respiratory acidosis. Which of the following mechanisms should the nurse identify as responsible for this acid-base imbalance?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Retention of carbon dioxide. In respiratory acidosis, the lungs are unable to eliminate enough carbon dioxide, leading to an increase in CO2 levels in the blood, causing acidosis. This is due to inadequate ventilation or impaired gas exchange. The other options are incorrect because:
B) Loss of bicarbonate is seen in metabolic acidosis, not respiratory acidosis.
C) Excessive vomiting leads to metabolic alkalosis, not respiratory acidosis.
D) Hyperventilation would actually correct respiratory acidosis by decreasing CO2 levels.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer propranolol to several clients. For which of the following clients should the nurse clarify the prescription with the provider before administration?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A client who has a history of asthma. Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker that can potentially exacerbate bronchospasm in patients with asthma due to its mechanism of action.
Therefore, the nurse should clarify the prescription with the provider before administering it to a client with asthma to avoid potential adverse effects.
Choices B, C, and D are not contraindications for propranolol use, so there is no need to clarify the prescription for clients with hypertension, migraines, or stable angina.